使用Let's Encrypt 通配符 HTTPS 证书

一.证书申请(certbot)

1.1 系统确定

我们使用的是 百度 服务创建的系统，系统是 ubuntu。

1.2 工具安装

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install certbot

1.3 证书申请

certbot certonly -d *.wepego.cn --manual --preferred-challenges dns --server https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory

    --manual交互式获取，
    --preferred-challenges dns使用DNS验证的方式（泛域名只能使用DNS验证），如果取消此选项，将会默认使用 http 形式认证(.well-known)，
    --server指明支持acme-v02的Server地址，默认是acme-v01的地址。

申请过程如下，为了确保域名是在你的管理权限之内，我们中间需要做一条 TXT 的 DNS 解析。

Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator manual, Installer None
Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to
cancel): 418498042@qq.com
Starting new HTTPS connection (1): acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org

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Please read the Terms of Service at
https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must
agree in order to register with the ACME server at
https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
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(A)gree/(C)ancel: A

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Would you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit
organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work
encrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.
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(Y)es/(N)o: N
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
dns-01 challenge for wzlinux.com

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NOTE: The IP of this machine will be publicly logged as having requested this
certificate. If you're running certbot in manual mode on a machine that is not
your server, please ensure you're okay with that.

Are you OK with your IP being logged?
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(Y)es/(N)o: Y

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Please deploy a DNS TXT record under the name
_acme-challenge.wzlinux.com with the following value:

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Before continuing, verify the record is deployed.
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Press Enter to Continue
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges
Resetting dropped connection: acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org

IMPORTANT NOTES:
 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/wzlinux.com/fullchain.pem
   Your key file has been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/wzlinux.com/privkey.pem
   Your cert will expire on 2019-09-04. To obtain a new or tweaked
   version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot
   again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run
   "certbot renew"
 - Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot
   configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a
   secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will
   also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so
   making regular backups of this folder is ideal.
 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:

   Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le

我们看到上面有一条 DNS 解析需求，我这里是在百度云进行设定的。

解析好之后，我们在服务器上面验证一下解析记录。

[root@ ~]# dig -t txt _acme-challenge.wepego.cn

; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-73.el7_6 <<>> -t txt _acme-challenge.wzlinux.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 47252
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;_acme-challenge.wzlinux.com.INTXT

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_acme-challenge.wzlinux.com. 58INTXT"Fd-T8Q_R_9k4UqerXohPkTWu-aZOaU0mxxozERPRU5M"

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; WHEN: Thu Jun 06 07:04:07 UTC 2019
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 112

1.4 证书查看

[root@ ~]# ll /etc/letsencrypt/live/wepego.cn/

1.5 证书使用

我们这里以 nginx 服务为例，配置证书，nginx 的配置文件为下：

server
        {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        #listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name  www.wepego.cn;
        index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
        root  /usr/share/nginx/html/;
        ssl on;
        ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/wepego.cn/fullchain.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/wepego.cn/privkey.pem;
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_ciphers "EECDH+CHACHA20:EECDH+CHACHA20-draft:EECDH+AES128:RSA+AES128:EECDH+AES
256:RSA+AES256:EECDH+3DES:RSA+3DES:!MD5";
        ssl_session_cache builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m;
        # openssl dhparam -out /usr/local/nginx/ssl/dhparam.pem 2048
        #ssl_dhparam /usr/local/nginx/ssl/dhparam.pem;

        #error_page   404   /404.html;

        # Deny access to PHP files in specific directory
        #location ~ /(wp-content|uploads|wp-includes|images)/.*.php$ { deny all; }


        location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }

        location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known {
            allow all;
        }

        location ~ /.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  off;
}

server
        {
        listen          80;
        server_name wepego.cn;
        return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

1.6 证书更新

可以使用指令certbot renew进行更新，添加一个定时任务。

[root@ ~]# certbot renew
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/wepego.cn.conf
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Cert not yet due for renewal

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The following certs are not due for renewal yet:
  /etc/letsencrypt/live/wepego.cn/fullchain.pem expires on 2020-05-07 (skipped)
No renewals were attempted.
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定时任务。

30 1 10 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew && service nginx res

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