概述
网上关于使用Fragment实现底部菜单栏的方法，总结一下以备后用。
1. TabHost + Activity：经典的搭配组合，从最早的TabHost + TabActivity演变而来。TabActivity灵活性很差，已经被抛弃了。
2. 自定义底部选项卡 + Fragment：灵活性大，实现起来也很简单。参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/yangyu20121224/article/details/8995025
http://my.eoe.cn/imesong/archive/21402.html
3. FragmentTabHost + Fragment：FragmentTabHost主要是实现底部的选项卡功能，Fragment负责内容显示和切换。参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/yangyu20121224/article/details/9016223
使用FragmentTabHost时，Fragment之间切换时每次都会调用onCreateView方法，导致每次Fragment的布局都重绘，无法保持Fragment原有状态，参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/renpengben/article/details/12615487
4. RadioGroup + Fragment：RadioGroup主要是实现底部的选项卡功能，Fragment负责内容显示和切换。参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/loongggdroid/article/details/9469935
http://www.cnblogs.com/tiantianbyconan/p/3360938.html
看了来动动手，下面是我参考以上的文章做的两个demo，界面效果相同。
1. FragmentTabHost + Fragment，demo下载地址https://github.com/jessicass/fragment2.git
核心代码：首先是MainActivity，它需要继承FragmentActivity(3.0之前的继承FragmentActivity，3.0版本之后的继承Activity)。
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
private FragmentTabHost mTabHost;
private LayoutInflater layoutInflater;
// 定义数组来存放Fragment界面
private Class<?> fragmentArray[] = { HomeFragment.class,
MessageFragment.class, SettingFragment.class };
// 定义数组来存放按钮图片
private int mImageViewArray[] = { R.drawable.tab_home_selector,
R.drawable.tab_message_selector, R.drawable.tab_setting_selector };
// Tab选项卡的文字
private int mTextviewArray[] = { R.string.tab_home, R.string.tab_message,
R.string.tab_setting };
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
}
// 初始化组件
private void initView() {
// 实例化布局对象
layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
// 实例化TabHost对象，得到TabHost
mTabHost = (FragmentTabHost) findViewById(android.R.id.tabhost);
mTabHost.setup(this, getSupportFragmentManager(), R.id.container);
for (int i = 0; i < fragmentArray.length; i++) {
// 为每一个Tab按钮设置图标、文字和内容
TabSpec taSpec = mTabHost.newTabSpec(getString(mTextviewArray[i]))
.setIndicator(getTabItemView(i));
// 将Tab按钮添加进Tab选项卡中
mTabHost.addTab(taSpec, fragmentArray[i], null);
}
}
// 给Tab按钮设置图标和文字
private View getTabItemView(int index) {
View view = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.tab_item_view, null);
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.imageview);
imageView.setImageResource(mImageViewArray[index]);
TextView textView = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textview);
textView.setText(getString(mTextviewArray[index]));
return view;
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
}
public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
// 缓存Fragment的View
private View rootView;
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if (rootView == null) {
rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home, container,
false);
} else {
// 缓存的rootView需要判断是否已经被加过parent
// 如果有parent需要从parent删除
ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup) rootView.getParent();
if (parent != null) {
parent.removeView(rootView);
}
}
return rootView;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/container"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1" />
<android.support.v4.app.FragmentTabHost
android:id="@android:id/tabhost"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
<FrameLayout
android:id="@android:id/tabcontent"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="0" />
</android.support.v4.app.FragmentTabHost>
</LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/tab_bg_selector"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/imageview"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:focusable="false"
android:padding="3dp" >
</ImageView>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textSize="12sp" >
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>2. RadioGroup + Fragment，demo下载地址https://github.com/jessicass/fragment3.git
核心代码：首先是MainActivity。
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
// 底部选项卡
private RadioGroup bottomRg;
private FragmentManager fragmentManager;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
setFragmentIndicator();
}
private void setFragmentIndicator() {
fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
// 绑定Fragment页面和对应的RadioButton
final BiMap<Fragment, Integer> biMap = HashBiMap.create();
biMap.put(fragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fragment_home),
R.id.rb_home);
biMap.put(fragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fragment_message),
R.id.rb_message);
biMap.put(fragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fragment_setting),
R.id.rb_setting);
// 默认显示HomeFragment
showFragmentByBtnId(biMap, R.id.rb_home);
bottomRg = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.bottomRg);
bottomRg.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new OnCheckedChangeListener() {
@Override
public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
showFragmentByBtnId(biMap, checkedId);
}
});
}
private void showFragmentByBtnId(final BiMap<Fragment, Integer> biMap,
int shownId) {
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager
.beginTransaction();
// 先隐藏所有的Fragment
for (Fragment fragment : biMap.keySet()) {
fragmentTransaction.hide(fragment);
}
// 显示对应的Fragment
fragmentTransaction.show(biMap.inverse().get(shownId)).commit();
// biMap.inverse().get(R.id.rb_home)通过biMap的Value获得Key
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
}public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home, container, false);
return view;
}
}<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<!-- 上边主页面 -->
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment_home"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
class="com.example.fragment3.fragment.HomeFragment" />
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment_message"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
class="com.example.fragment3.fragment.MessageFragment" />
<fragment
android:id="@+id/fragment_setting"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_weight="1"
class="com.example.fragment3.fragment.SettingFragment" />
<!-- 底部菜单页面 -->
<RadioGroup
android:id="@+id/bottomRg"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/rb_home"
style="@style/rg_btn_style"
android:checked="true"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_home_selector"
android:text="@string/tab_home" >
</RadioButton>
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/rb_message"
style="@style/rg_btn_style"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_message_selector"
android:text="@string/tab_message" />
<RadioButton
android:id="@+id/rb_setting"
style="@style/rg_btn_style"
android:drawableTop="@drawable/tab_setting_selector"
android:text="@string/tab_setting" />
</RadioGroup>
</LinearLayout>最后
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