node中的stream（流）有几种类型

interface ReadableStream extends EventEmitter {
    readable: boolean;
    read(size?: number): string | Buffer;
    setEncoding(encoding: BufferEncoding): this;
    pause(): this;
    resume(): this;
    isPaused(): boolean;
    pipe<T extends WritableStream>(destination: T, options?: { end?: boolean | undefined; }): T;
    unpipe(destination?: WritableStream): this;
    unshift(chunk: string | Uint8Array, encoding?: BufferEncoding): void;
    wrap(oldStream: ReadableStream): this;
    [Symbol.asyncIterator](): AsyncIterableIterator<string | Buffer>;
}

interface WritableStream extends EventEmitter {
    writable: boolean;
    write(buffer: Uint8Array | string, cb?: (err?: Error | null) => void): boolean;
    write(str: string, encoding?: BufferEncoding, cb?: (err?: Error | null) => void): boolean;
    end(cb?: () => void): this;
    end(data: string | Uint8Array, cb?: () => void): this;
    end(str: string, encoding?: BufferEncoding, cb?: () => void): this;
}

interface ReadWriteStream extends ReadableStream, WritableStream { }

const fs = require('fs');

const readStreams = fs.createReadStream('./EventEmitter.js', {
    highWaterMark: 100// 缓存池浮标值
})

readStreams.on('readable', () => {
    console.log('缓冲区满了')
    readStreams.read()// 消费缓存池的所有数据，返回结果并且触发data事件
})


readStreams.on('data', (data) => {
    console.log('data')
})

const { Readable } = require('stream')

let count = 1000
const myReadable = new Readable({
    highWaterMark: 300,
    // 参数的 read 方法会作为流的 _read 方法，用于获取源数据
    read(size) {
        // 假设我们的源数据上 1000 个1
        let chunk = null
        // 读取数据的过程一般是异步的，例如IO操作
        setTimeout(() => {
            if (count > 0) {
                let chunkLength = Math.min(count, size)
                chunk = '1'.repeat(chunkLength)
                count -= chunkLength
            }
            this.push(chunk)
        }, 500)
    }
})
// 每一次成功 push 数据到缓存池后都会触发 readable
myReadable.on('readable', () => {
    const chunk = myReadable.read()//消费当前缓存池中所有数据
    console.log(chunk.toString())
})

//  hwm 不会大于 1GB.
const MAX_HWM = 0x40000000;
function computeNewHighWaterMark(n) {
  if (n >= MAX_HWM) {
    // 1GB限制
    n = MAX_HWM;
  } else {
    //取下一个2最高幂，以防止过度增加hwm
    n--;
    n |= n >>> 1;
    n |= n >>> 2;
    n |= n >>> 4;
    n |= n >>> 8;
    n |= n >>> 16;
    n++;
  }
  return n;
}

const { Readable } = require('stream')

let count = 1000
const myReadable = new Readable({
    highWaterMark: 300,
    read(size) {
        let chunk = null
        setTimeout(() => {
            if (count > 0) {
                let chunkLength = Math.min(count, size)
                chunk = '1'.repeat(chunkLength)
                count -= chunkLength
            }
            this.push(chunk)
        }, 500)
    }
})

myReadable.on('data', data => {
    console.log(data.toString())
})

const { Writable, Duplex } = require('stream')
let fileContent = ''
const myWritable = new Writable({
    highWaterMark: 10,
    write(chunk, encoding, callback) {// 会作为_write方法
        setTimeout(()=>{
            fileContent += chunk
            callback()// 写入结束后调用
        }, 500)
    }
})

myWritable.on('close', ()=>{
    console.log('close', fileContent)
})
myWritable.write('123123')// true
myWritable.write('123123')// false
myWritable.end()

const { Writable } = require('stream')


let fileContent = ''
const myWritable = new Writable({
    highWaterMark: 10,
    write(chunk, encoding, callback) {
        setTimeout(()=>{
            fileContent += chunk
            console.log('消费', chunk.toString())
            callback()// 写入结束后调用
        }, 100)
    }
})

myWritable.on('close', ()=>{
    console.log('close', fileContent)
})

let count = 0
function productionData(){
    let flag = true
    while (count <= 20 && flag){
        flag = myWritable.write(count.toString())
        count++
    }
    if(count > 20){
        myWritable.end()
    }
}
productionData()
myWritable.on('drain', productionData)

// 每当用户在控制台输入数据（_read），就会触发data事件，这是可读流的特性
process.stdin.on('data', data=>{
    process.stdin.write(data);
})

// 每隔一秒向标准输入流生产数据（这是可写流的特性，会直接输出到控制台上），不会触发data
setInterval(()=>{
    process.stdin.write('不是用户控制台输入的数据')
}, 1000)

                             Duplex Stream
                          ------------------|
                    Read  <-----               External Source
            You           ------------------|  
                    Write ----->               External Sink
                          ------------------|

                                 Transform Stream
                           --------------|--------------
            You     Write  ---->                   ---->  Read  You
                           --------------|--------------

转换流还经常会实现一个 `_flush` 方法，他会在流结束前被调用，一般用于对流的末尾追加一些东西，例如压缩文件时的一些压缩信息就是在这里加上的

const { write } = require('fs')
const { Transform, PassThrough } = require('stream')

const reurce = '1312123213124341234213423428354816273513461891468186499126412'

const transform = new Transform({
    highWaterMark: 10,
    transform(chunk ,encoding, callback){// 转换数据，调用push将转换结果加入缓存池
        this.push(chunk.toString().replace('1', '@'))
        callback()
    },
    flush(callback){// end触发前执行
        this.push('<<<')
        callback()
    }
})


// write 不断写入数据
let count = 0
transform.write('>>>')
function productionData() {
    let flag = true
    while (count <= 20 && flag) {
        flag = transform.write(count.toString())
        count++
    }
    if (count > 20) {
        transform.end()
    }
}
productionData()
transform.on('drain', productionData)


let result = ''
transform.on('data', data=>{
    result += data.toString()
})
transform.on('end', ()=>{
    console.log(result)
    // >>>0@23456789@0@1@2@3@4@5@6@7@8@920<<<
})