Golang 日期/时间包的使用详解

// 构建时区
var timeLocation *time.Location
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("")       //UTC
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("UTC")      //UTC
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("Local")     //Local
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai") //使用时区码

//golang的时间格式化pattern
var timeLayout = "2006-01-02 15:04:05"

// 获取当前时间对象
var timer time.Time
timer = time.Now()

// 为时间设定时区 可以通过 timer.Local()/timer.UTC() 快速设定时区
timer.In(timeLocation)

// 获取当前秒级时间戳
var curTimestamp int64
curTimestamp = timer.Unix()
println("current timestamp:" + strconv.FormatInt(curTimestamp, 10))

// 获取当前纳秒及时间戳 1秒=1000毫秒=1000,000微妙=1000,000,000纳秒
var curNanoTimestamp int64
curNanoTimestamp = timer.UnixNano()
println("current nano timestamp:" + strconv.FormatInt(curNanoTimestamp, 10))

// 获取本地时间的时区/快速获取时区时间/自定义格式
timeZone, _ := timer.Zone()
fmt.Printf("time zone: %sn", timeZone)
fmt.Printf("time location: %sn", timer.Location())
fmt.Printf("time in local zone: %sn", timer.Local().String())
fmt.Printf("time in utc zone: %sn", timer.UTC().String())
fmt.Printf("time: %sn", timer.String())
fmt.Printf("time formatted: %sn", timer.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"))

// 获取当前的年/月/日 时:分:秒 纳秒
fmt.Printf("current year: %dn", timer.Year())
fmt.Printf("current month: %d %sn", timer.Month(), timer.Month()) //返回的Month对象
fmt.Printf("current day: %dn", timer.Day())
fmt.Printf("current hour: %dn", timer.Hour())
fmt.Printf("current minute: %dn", timer.Minute())
fmt.Printf("current second: %dn", timer.Second())
fmt.Printf("current nanosecond: %dn", timer.Nanosecond())

// 获取当前时间/日期
curHour, curMinute, curSecond := timer.Clock()
fmt.Printf("current clock: %d:%02d:%02dn", curHour, curMinute, curSecond)
curYear, curMonth, curDay := timer.Date()
fmt.Printf("current date: %d-%02d-%02dn", curYear, curMonth, curDay)

// 已当前时间为基增长年/月/日后的时间对象
timerAdded := timer.AddDate(1, 2, 3)
curYear, curMonth, curDay = timerAdded.Date()
fmt.Printf("current date: %d-%02d-%02dn", curYear, curMonth, curDay)

// 以当前时间为基增长N纳秒后的时间对象 比如增长了一天
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("24h")
timerAdded = timer.Add(timeDuration)
// 计算两个时间的差值 返回的是纳秒 按需求自行计算其他单位
// Duration is type of int64 and nanoseconds
timeDuration = timerAdded.Sub(timer)
fmt.Printf("days duration between %s~%s: %dn",
  timerAdded.Format(timeLayout),
  timer.Format(timeLayout),
  timeDuration/1000/1000/1000/24/60/60)

// 使用时间串获取时间对象
timer, _ = time.Parse(timeLayout, "2018-08-08 08:08:08")
// 使用时间串获取时间对象 并设定时区
timer, _ = time.ParseInLocation(timeLayout, "2018-08-08 08:08:08", timeLocation)
// 使用Unix时间戳构建时间对象
timer = time.Unix(1552368806, 0) //2019-03-12 13:33:26的Unix时间戳
fmt.Println(timer.Format(timeLayout))

// 获取当前时间是本年第几天 本周第几天
fmt.Printf("year day: %d, week day: %dn", timer.YearDay(), timer.Weekday())

// 使用表征字符串转换时间跨度
timeDuration, _ = time.ParseDuration("300s")
fmt.Printf("nanosecond: %dn", timeDuration)
timeDuration, _ = time.ParseDuration("300us")
fmt.Printf("nanosecond: %dn", timeDuration)