解析一个通过添加本地分区索引提高SQL性能的案例

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我是靠谱客的博主朴素小兔子，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍解析一个通过添加本地分区索引提高SQL性能的案例，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

该sql如下：

复制代码代码如下:

Select  /*+ parallel(src, 8) */ distinct
  src.systemname as systemname
  ,  src.databasename as databasename
  ,  src.tablename as tablename
  ,  src.username as username
from  <STRONG>meta_dbql_table_usage_exp_hst</STRONG> src
 inner <STRONG>join DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST</STRONG> rl on
  <STRONG>src.acctstringdate = rl.acctstringdate
  and src.queryid = rl.queryid</STRONG>
  And Src.Systemname = Rl.Systemname
  and src.acctstringdate > sysdate - 30
  And Rl.Acctstringdate > Sysdate - 30
 inner join  <STRONG>meta_dr_qry_log_tgt_all_hst </STRONG>tgt on
  upper(tgt.systemname) = upper('MOZART')
  And Upper(tgt.Databasename) = Upper('GDW_TABLES')
  And Upper(tgt.Tablename) = Upper('SSA_SLNG_LSTG_MTRC_SD')
  <STRONG>AND src.acctstringdate = tgt.acctstringdate
  and rl.statement_id = tgt.statement_id</STRONG>
  and rl.systemname = tgt.systemname
  And Tgt.Acctstringdate > Sysdate - 30
  And Not(
    Upper(Tgt.Systemname)=Upper(src.systemname)
    And
    Upper(Tgt.Databasename) = Upper(Src.Databasename)
    And
    Upper(Tgt.Tablename) = Upper(Src.Tablename)
    )
  And   tgt.Systemname is not null
  And   tgt.Databasename Is Not Null
  And   tgt.tablename is not null

SQL的简单分析
总得来看，这个SQL就是三个表(meta_dbql_table_usage_exp_hst，DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST，meta_dr_qry_log_tgt_all_hst）的INNER JOIN，这三个表数据量都在百万级别，且都是分区表（以acctstringdate为分区键），执行计划如下：

复制代码代码如下:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                              | Name                          | Rows  | Bytes | Cost  | Pstart| Pstop |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                       |                               |     1 |   159 |  8654 |       |       |
|   1 |  PX COORDINATOR                        |                               |       |       |       |       |       |
|   2 |   PX SEND QC (RANDOM)                  | :TQ10002                      |     1 |   159 |  8654 |       |       |
|   3 |    SORT UNIQUE                         |                               |     1 |   159 |  8654 |       |       |
|   4 |     PX RECEIVE                         |                               |     1 |    36 |     3 |       |       |
|   5 |      PX SEND HASH                      | :TQ10001                      |     1 |    36 |     3 |       |       |
|*  6 |       TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID| DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST            |     1 |    36 |     3 |       |       |
|   7 |        NESTED LOOPS                    |                               |     1 |   159 |  8633 |       |       |
|   8 |         NESTED LOOPS                   |                               |  8959 |  1076K|  4900 |       |       |
|   9 |          BUFFER SORT                   |                               |       |       |       |       |       |
|  10 |           PX RECEIVE                   |                               |       |       |       |       |       |
|  11 |            PX SEND BROADCAST           | :TQ10000                      |       |       |       |       |       |
|  12 |             PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR   |                               |     1 |    56 |  4746 |   KEY |    14 |
|* 13 |              TABLE ACCESS FULL         | META_DR_QRY_LOG_TGT_ALL_HST   |     1 |    56 |  4746 |   KEY |    14 |
|  14 |          PX BLOCK ITERATOR             |                               |  8959 |   586K|   154 |   KEY |   KEY |
|* 15 |           TABLE ACCESS FULL            | META_DBQL_TABLE_USAGE_EXP_HST |  8959 |   586K|   154 |   KEY |   KEY |
|  16 |         PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR       |                               |     1 |       |     2 |   KEY |   KEY |
|* 17 |          INDEX RANGE SCAN              | DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST_IDX        |     1 |       |     2 |   KEY |   KEY |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   6 - filter("RL"."STATEMENT_ID"="TGT"."STATEMENT_ID" AND "RL"."SYSTEMNAME"="TGT"."SYSTEMNAME" AND "SRC"."SYSTEMNAME"="RL"."SYSTEMNAME")
  13 - filter(UPPER("TGT"."SYSTEMNAME")='MOZART' AND UPPER("TGT"."DATABASENAME")='GDW_TABLES' AND
              UPPER("TGT"."TABLENAME")='SSA_SLNG_LSTG_MTRC_SD' AND "TGT"."ACCTSTRINGDATE">SYSDATE@!-30 AND "TGT"."SYSTEMNAME" IS NOT NULL
              "TGT"."DATABASENAME" IS NOT NULL AND "TGT"."TABLENAME" IS NOT NULL)
  15 - filter("SRC"."ACCTSTRINGDATE"="TGT"."ACCTSTRINGDATE" AND (UPPER("TGT"."SYSTEMNAME")<>UPPER("SRC"."SYSTEMNAME") OR
              UPPER("TGT"."DATABASENAME")<>UPPER("SRC"."DATABASENAME") OR UPPER("TGT"."TABLENAME")<>UPPER("SRC"."TABLENAME")) AND
              "SRC"."ACCTSTRINGDATE">SYSDATE@!-30)
  17 - access("SRC"."QUERYID"="RL"."QUERYID" AND "SRC"."ACCTSTRINGDATE"="RL"."ACCTSTRINGDATE")
       filter("RL"."ACCTSTRINGDATE">SYSDATE@!-30)

定位问题
从上面执行计划中的表连接方式可以知道，这三个表之间进行了两次NESTED LOOP，问题出现在最里层的NESTED LOOP（对两个表都做了TABLE FULL SCAN），因为表都是百万级别的（即时过滤后的数据量也不小），性能问题就出现在内表（即被驱动表）META_DBQL_TABLE_USAGE_EXP_HST做了太多次的全表扫描。如果能把全表扫描转换成索引，则性能可以大幅度提高。

下面是NESTED LOOP的介绍：
嵌套连接把要处理的数据集分为外部循环（驱动数据源）和内部循环（被驱动数据源），外部循环只执行一次，内部循环执行的次数等于外部循环执行返回的数据个数。
这种连接的好处是内存使用非常少。
如果驱动数据源有限，且被驱动表在连接列上有相应的索引，则这种连接方式才是高效的。

下面是这三个表上索引的情况：

复制代码代码如下:

SQL> select index_name, table_name from user_indexes where table_name in ('DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST',upper('meta_dbql_table_usage_exp_hst'), upper('meta_dr_qry_log_tgt_all_hs
INDEX_NAME                                                   TABLE_NAME
------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
META_DR_QRY_LOG_TGT_ALL_IDX                                  META_DR_QRY_LOG_TGT_ALL_HST
META_DBQL_TUSAGE_EHST_IDX                                    META_DBQL_TABLE_USAGE_EXP_HST
DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST_IDX                                       DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST
CREATE INDEX "GV"."META_DR_QRY_LOG_TGT_ALL_IDX" ON "GV"."META_DR_QRY_LOG_TGT_ALL_HST" ("STATEMENT_ID", "ACCTSTRINGDATE")
CREATE INDEX "GV"."META_DBQL_TUSAGE_EHST_IDX" ON "GV"."META_DBQL_TABLE_USAGE_EXP_HST" ("QUERYID", "ACCTSTRINGDATE")
CREATE INDEX "GV"."DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST_IDX" ON "GV"."DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST" ("QUERYID", "ACCTSTRINGDATE")

这三个索引都是本地分区索引（都包含分区键acctstringdate），很显然，DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST表少了个索引，因为它与表meta_dr_qry_log_tgt_all_hst 在statement_id上做join，因此应该在它的statement_id上也创建本地分区索引如下：

复制代码代码如下:

create index DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST_IDX2 on gv.DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST (statement_id,ACCTSTRINGDATE) local;

性能对比
新的执行计划如下：

复制代码代码如下:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                              | Name                          | Rows  | Bytes | Cost  | Pstart| Pstop |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT                       |                               |     1 |   159 |  4838 |       |       |
|   1 |  SORT UNIQUE                           |                               |     1 |   159 |  4838 |       |       |
|*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID    | META_DBQL_TABLE_USAGE_EXP_HST |     1 |    67 |     3 |       |       |
|   3 |    NESTED LOOPS                        |                               |     1 |   159 |  4816 |       |       |
|   4 |     NESTED LOOPS                       |                               |    18 |  1656 |  4762 |       |       |
|   5 |      PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR          |                               |     1 |    56 |  4746 |   KEY |    14 |
|*  6 |       TABLE ACCESS FULL                | META_DR_QRY_LOG_TGT_ALL_HST   |     1 |    56 |  4746 |   KEY |    14 |
|   7 |      PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR          |                               |    18 |   648 |    16 |   KEY |    14 |
|*  8 |       TABLE ACCESS BY LOCAL INDEX ROWID| DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST            |    18 |   648 |    16 |   KEY |    14 |
|*  9 |        <STRONG>INDEX RANGE SCAN                | DR_QRY_LOG_EXP_HST_IDX2</STRONG>       |    31 |       |    15 |   KEY |    14 |
|  10 |     PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR           |                               |     1 |       |     2 |   KEY |   KEY |
|* 11 |      INDEX RANGE SCAN                  | META_DBQL_TUSAGE_EHST_IDX     |     1 |       |     2 |   KEY |   KEY |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   2 - filter((UPPER("TGT"."SYSTEMNAME")<>UPPER("SRC"."SYSTEMNAME") OR
              UPPER("TGT"."DATABASENAME")<>UPPER("SRC"."DATABASENAME") OR UPPER("TGT"."TABLENAME")<>UPPER("SRC"."TABLENAME"))
              AND "SRC"."SYSTEMNAME"="RL"."SYSTEMNAME")
   6 - filter(UPPER("TGT"."SYSTEMNAME")='MOZART' AND UPPER("TGT"."DATABASENAME")='GDW_TABLES' AND
              UPPER("TGT"."TABLENAME")='SSA_SLNG_LSTG_MTRC_SD' AND "TGT"."ACCTSTRINGDATE">SYSDATE@!-30 AND "TGT"."SYSTEMNAME"
              IS NOT NULL AND "TGT"."DATABASENAME" IS NOT NULL AND "TGT"."TABLENAME" IS NOT NULL)
   8 - filter("RL"."SYSTEMNAME"="TGT"."SYSTEMNAME")
   9 - access("RL"."STATEMENT_ID"="TGT"."STATEMENT_ID" AND "RL"."ACCTSTRINGDATE">SYSDATE@!-30 AND
              "RL"."ACCTSTRINGDATE" IS NOT NULL)
  11 - access("SRC"."QUERYID"="RL"."QUERYID" AND "SRC"."ACCTSTRINGDATE"="RL"."ACCTSTRINGDATE")
       filter("SRC"."ACCTSTRINGDATE"="TGT"."ACCTSTRINGDATE" AND "SRC"."ACCTSTRINGDATE">SYSDATE@!-30)