尝试使用Python多线程抓取代理服务器IP地址的示例

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我是靠谱客的博主活泼白开水，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍尝试使用Python多线程抓取代理服务器IP地址的示例，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

这里以抓取 http://www.proxy.com.ru 站点的代理服务器为例，代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import urllib2
import re
import threading
import time
import MySQLdb
rawProxyList = []
checkedProxyList = []
#抓取代理网站
targets = []
for i in xrange(1,42):
  target = r"http://www.proxy.com.ru/list_%d.html" % i
  targets.append(target)
#抓取代理服务器正则
p = re.compile(r'''<tr><b><td>(\d+)</td><td>(.+?)</td><td>(\d+)</td><td>(.+?)</td><td>(.+?)</td></b></tr>''')
#获取代理的类
class ProxyGet(threading.Thread):
 def __init__(self,target):
  threading.Thread.__init__(self)
  self.target = target
 def getProxy(self):
  print "代理服务器目标网站： " + self.target
  req = urllib2.urlopen(self.target)
  result = req.read()
  #print chardet.detect(result)
  matchs = p.findall(result)
#  print matchs
  for row in matchs:
   ip=row[1]
   port =row[2]
   addr = row[4].decode("cp936").encode("utf-8")
   proxy = [ip,port,addr]
   print proxy
   rawProxyList.append(proxy)
 def run(self):
  self.getProxy()
#检验代理的类
class ProxyCheck(threading.Thread):
 def __init__(self,proxyList):
  threading.Thread.__init__(self)
  self.proxyList = proxyList
  self.timeout = 5
  self.testUrl = "http://www.baidu.com/"
  self.testStr = "030173"
 def checkProxy(self):
  cookies = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor()
  for proxy in self.proxyList:
   proxyHandler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http" : r'http://%s:%s' %(proxy[0],proxy[1])})
   #print r'http://%s:%s' %(proxy[0],proxy[1])
   opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookies,proxyHandler)
   opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0')]
   #urllib2.install_opener(opener)
   t1 = time.time()
   try:
    #req = urllib2.urlopen("http://www.baidu.com", timeout=self.timeout)
    req = opener.open(self.testUrl, timeout=self.timeout)
    #print "urlopen is ok...."
    result = req.read()
    #print "read html...."
    timeused = time.time() - t1
    pos = result.find(self.testStr)
    #print "pos is %s" %pos
    if pos > 1:
     checkedProxyList.append((proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],timeused))
     #print "ok ip: %s %s %s %s" %(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],timeused)
    else:
      continue
   except Exception,e:
    #print e.message
    continue
 def run(self):
  self.checkProxy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
 getThreads = []
 checkThreads = []
#对每个目标网站开启一个线程负责抓取代理
for i in range(len(targets)):
 t = ProxyGet(targets[i])
 getThreads.append(t)
for i in range(len(getThreads)):
 getThreads[i].start()
for i in range(len(getThreads)):
 getThreads[i].join()
print '.'*10+"总共抓取了%s个代理" %len(rawProxyList) +'.'*10
#开启20个线程负责校验，将抓取到的代理分成20份，每个线程校验一份
for i in range(20):
 t = ProxyCheck(rawProxyList[((len(rawProxyList)+19)/20) * i:((len(rawProxyList)+19)/20) * (i+1)])
 checkThreads.append(t)
for i in range(len(checkThreads)):
 checkThreads[i].start()
for i in range(len(checkThreads)):
 checkThreads[i].join()
print '.'*10+"总共有%s个代理通过校验" %len(checkedProxyList) +'.'*10
#插入数据库，表结构自己创建，四个字段ip,port,speed,address
def db_insert(insert_list):
 try:
  conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="admin",db="m_common",charset='utf8')
  cursor = conn.cursor()
  cursor.execute('delete from proxy')
  cursor.execute('alter table proxy AUTO_INCREMENT=1')
  cursor.executemany("INSERT INTO proxy(ip,port,speed,address) VALUES (%s,%s,%s,%s)",insert_list)
  conn.commit()
  cursor.close()
  conn.close()
 except MySQLdb.Error,e:
  print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
#代理排序持久化
proxy_ok = []
f= open("proxy_list.txt",'w+')
for proxy in sorted(checkedProxyList,cmp=lambda x,y:cmp(x[3],y[3])):
 if proxy[3] < 8:
  #print "checked proxy is: %s:%s\t%s\t%s" %(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],proxy[3])
  proxy_ok.append((proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[3],proxy[2]))
  f.write("%s:%s\t%s\t%s\n"%(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],proxy[3]))
f.close()
db_insert(proxy_ok)

测试：

python proxy.py

结果如下：

['61.58.94.179', '8088', '\xe5\x8f\xb0\xe6\xb9\xbe\xe7\x9c\x81 \xe5\x8f\xb0\xe6\xb9\xbe\xe5\xae\xbd\xe9\xa2\x91\xe9\x80\x9a\xe8\xae\xaf\xe9\xa1\xbe\xe9\x97\xae\xe8\x82\xa1\xe4\xbb\xbd\xe6\x9c\x89\xe9\x99\x90\xe5\x85\xac\xe5\x8f\xb8']
['200.84.116.99', '9064', '\xe5\xa7\x94\xe5\x86\x85\xe7\x91\x9e\xe6\x8b\x89 ']
['183.223.204.8', '8123', '\xe5\x9b\x9b\xe5\xb7\x9d\xe7\x9c\x81\xe8\x87\xaa\xe8\xb4\xa1\xe5\xb8\x82 \xe7\xa7\xbb\xe5\x8a\xa8']
..........总共抓取了1921个代理..........
..........总共有524个代理通过校验..........
# more proxy_list.txt
202.106.169.142:80  北京市 联通ADSL 0.291432857513
111.13.136.59:80  北京市 移动  0.297957897186
111.13.136.56:80  北京市 移动  0.373070955276
111.206.81.248:80  北京市 联通  0.403017997742
111.13.136.58:80  北京市 移动  0.414332151413
124.202.217.134:8118 北京市 电信通 0.416817903519
124.202.183.218:8118 北京市 电信通 0.426618099213
120.132.71.232:80  北京市 联通  0.440200090408
61.232.6.164:8081  北京市 铁通  0.469615936279
118.144.96.253:80  北京市 电信通 0.485229969025
203.192.10.66:80  北京市 新华社 0.51485991478
124.202.182.22:8118  北京市 电信通 0.553130865097

数据库：

mysql> select * from m_common.proxy limit 10;

+----------+-----------------+------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+
| proxy_id | ip    | port | speed | address    | create_time   |
+----------+-----------------+------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+
|  1 | 202.106.169.142 | 80 | 0.291433 | 北京市 联通ADSL  | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  2 | 111.13.136.59 | 80 | 0.297958 | 北京市 移动   | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  3 | 111.13.136.56 | 80 | 0.373071 | 北京市 移动   | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  4 | 111.206.81.248 | 80 | 0.403018 | 北京市 联通   | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  5 | 111.13.136.58 | 80 | 0.414332 | 北京市 移动   | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  6 | 124.202.217.134 | 8118 | 0.416818 | 北京市 电信通  | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  7 | 124.202.183.218 | 8118 | 0.426618 | 北京市 电信通  | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  8 | 120.132.71.232 | 80 | 0.4402 | 北京市 联通   | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  9 | 61.232.6.164 | 8081 | 0.469616 | 北京市 铁通   | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
|  10 | 118.144.96.253 | 80 | 0.48523 | 北京市 电信通  | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
+----------+-----------------+------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)