简单理解Vue中的nextTick方法

<div class="app">
 <div ref="msgDiv">{{msg}}</div>
 <div v-if="msg1">Message got outside $nextTick: {{msg1}}</div>
 <div v-if="msg2">Message got inside $nextTick: {{msg2}}</div>
 <div v-if="msg3">Message got outside $nextTick: {{msg3}}</div>
 <button @click="changeMsg">
  Change the Message
 </button>
</div>

new Vue({
 el: '.app',
 data: {
  msg: 'Hello Vue.',
  msg1: '',
  msg2: '',
  msg3: ''
 },
 methods: {
  changeMsg() {
   this.msg = "Hello world."
   this.msg1 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML
   this.$nextTick(() => {
    this.msg2 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML
   })
   this.msg3 = this.$refs.msgDiv.innerHTML
  }
 }
})

/**
 * Defer a task to execute it asynchronously.
 */
export const nextTick = (function () {
 const callbacks = []
 let pending = false
 let timerFunc

 function nextTickHandler () {
  pending = false
  const copies = callbacks.slice(0)
  callbacks.length = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < copies.length; i++) {
   copies[i]()
  }
 }

 // the nextTick behavior leverages the microtask queue, which can be accessed
 // via either native Promise.then or MutationObserver.
 // MutationObserver has wider support, however it is seriously bugged in
 // UIWebView in iOS >= 9.3.3 when triggered in touch event handlers. It
 // completely stops working after triggering a few times... so, if native
 // Promise is available, we will use it:
 /* istanbul ignore if */
 if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && isNative(Promise)) {
  var p = Promise.resolve()
  var logError = err => { console.error(err) }
  timerFunc = () => {
   p.then(nextTickHandler).catch(logError)
   // in problematic UIWebViews, Promise.then doesn't completely break, but
   // it can get stuck in a weird state where callbacks are pushed into the
   // microtask queue but the queue isn't being flushed, until the browser
   // needs to do some other work, e.g. handle a timer. Therefore we can
   // "force" the microtask queue to be flushed by adding an empty timer.
   if (isIOS) setTimeout(noop)
  }
 } else if (!isIE && typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined' && (
  isNative(MutationObserver) ||
  // PhantomJS and iOS 7.x
  MutationObserver.toString() === '[object MutationObserverConstructor]'
 )) {
  // use MutationObserver where native Promise is not available,
  // e.g. PhantomJS, iOS7, Android 4.4
  var counter = 1
  var observer = new MutationObserver(nextTickHandler)
  var textNode = document.createTextNode(String(counter))
  observer.observe(textNode, {
   characterData: true
  })
  timerFunc = () => {
   counter = (counter + 1) % 2
   textNode.data = String(counter)
  }
 } else {
  // fallback to setTimeout
  /* istanbul ignore next */
  timerFunc = () => {
   setTimeout(nextTickHandler, 0)
  }
 }

 return function queueNextTick (cb?: Function, ctx?: Object) {
  let _resolve
  callbacks.push(() => {
   if (cb) {
    try {
     cb.call(ctx)
    } catch (e) {
     handleError(e, ctx, 'nextTick')
    }
   } else if (_resolve) {
    _resolve(ctx)
   }
  })
  if (!pending) {
   pending = true
   timerFunc()
  }
  if (!cb && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') {
   return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    _resolve = resolve
   })
  }
 }
})()

function nextTickHandler () {
  pending = false
  const copies = callbacks.slice(0)
  callbacks.length = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < copies.length; i++) {
   copies[i]()
  }
 }

var mo = new MutationObserver(callback)

var domTarget = 你想要监听的dom节点
mo.observe(domTarget, {
   characterData: true //说明监听文本内容的修改。
})