透析ICMP协议(三): 牛刀初试之一 应用篇ping(ICMP.dll) (转)

透析ICMP协议(三): 牛刀初试之一
 应用篇ping(ICMP.dll)
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这篇文章出自:http://tangentsoft.NET/wskfaq/examples/dllping.html
翻译: bugfree/CSDN, 对原始代码加了些注释
平台: VC6 windows XP

原理简介:
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这个例子演示了应用微软的ICMP.DLL怎样"ping"另一台机器. 这个DLL是没有文档话的发送ICMP回送包api接口, 也称为"pings," 就像潜水员对声纳信号的术语一样. 这段代码出自一个被一个名叫MarkG的家伙的GUI程序, 他的网页已经消失了.

ICMP.DLL API 现在在Windows平台上与微软的Winsocks工作的很好, 但是微软说更好的产品一出来他们将替换它. 微软说这个自从Windows 95时代就在用, 这些功能在在Windows 2000上仍然存在.

For more information on the ICMP.DLL API, check out sockets.com's ICMP API page.
更详细的ICMP.DLL API的信息到sockets.com的ICMP API网页获取.

具体实现:
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// Borland C++ 5.0: bcc32.cpp ping.cpp
// Visual C++ 5.0:  cl ping.cpp wsock32.lib
//
// This sample program is hereby placed in the public domain.

#include
#include
#include
#include "icmpdefs.h"

==================ping的实现部分==================
int doit(int argc, char* argv[])
{//[bugfree] 建议将这个argc和argv的处理拿到main函数中
  // 检查命令行参数
  if (argc < 2) {
  cerr << "usage: ping " << endl;
  return 1;
  }
 
  // 装载ICMP.DLL连接库
  HINSTANCE hIcmp = LoadLibrary("ICMP.DLL");
  if (hIcmp == 0) {
  cerr << "Unable to locate ICMP.DLL!" << endl;
  return 2;
  }

  // 查找给定机器的IP地址信息
  struct hostent* phe;
  if ((phe = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == 0) {
  cerr << "Could not find ip address for " << argv[1] << endl;
  return 3;
  }

  // 定义函数三个指针类型
  typedef HANDLE (WINAPI* pfnHV)(VOID);
  typedef BOOL (WINAPI* pfnBH)(HANDLE);
  typedef Dword (WINAPI* pfnDHDPWPipPDD)(HANDLE, DWORD, LPVOID, WORD,
  PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION, LPVOID, DWORD, DWORD); // evil, no?
  //定义三个指针函数
  pfnHV pIcmpCreateFile;
  pfnBH pIcmpCloseHandle;
  pfnDHDPWPipPDD pIcmpSendEcho;
 
  //从ICMP.DLL中得到函数入口地址
  pIcmpCreateFile = (pfnHV)GetProcAddress(hIcmp,  "IcmpCreateFile");
  pIcmpCloseHandle = (pfnBH)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpCloseHandle");
  pIcmpSendEcho = (pfnDHDPWPipPDD)GetProcAddress(hIcmp, "IcmpSendEcho");
  if ((pIcmpCreateFile == 0) || (pIcmpCloseHandle == 0) ||
  (pIcmpSendEcho == 0)) {
  cerr << "Failed to get proc addr for function." << endl;
  return 4;
  }

  // 打开ping服务
  HANDLE hIP = pIcmpCreateFile();
  if (hIP == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
  cerr << "Unable to open ping service." << endl;
  return 5;
  }
 
  // 构造ping数据包
  char acPingBuffer[64];
  memset(acPingBuffer, 'xAA', sizeof(acPingBuffer));
  PIP_ECHO_REPLY pIpe = (PIP_ECHO_REPLY)GlobalAlloc( GMEM_FIXED | GMEM_ZEROINIT,
  sizeof(IP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(acPingBuffer));
  if (pIpe == 0) {
  cerr << "Failed to allocate global ping packet buffer." << endl;
  return 6;
  }
  pIpe->Data = acPingBuffer;
  pIpe->DataSize = sizeof(acPingBuffer); 

  // 发送ping数据包
  DWORD dwStatus = pIcmpSendEcho(hIP, *((DWORD*)phe->h_addr_list[0]),
  acPingBuffer, sizeof(acPingBuffer), NULL, pIpe,
  sizeof(IP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(acPingBuffer), 5000);
  if (dwStatus != 0) {
  cout << "Addr: " <<
  int(LOBYTE(LOWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
  int(HIBYTE(LOWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
  int(LOBYTE(HIWORD(pIpe->Address))) << "." <<
  int(HIBYTE(HIWORD(pIpe->Address))) << ", " <<
  "RTT: " << int(pIpe->RoundTripTime) << "ms, " <<
  "TTL: " << int(pIpe->Options.Ttl) << endl;
  }
  else {
  cerr << "Error obtaining info from ping packet." << endl;
  }

  // 关闭,回收资源
  GlobalFree(pIpe);
  FreeLibrary(hIcmp);
  return 0;
}
==================主函数==================
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  WSAData wsaData;
  if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData) != 0) {
  return 255;
  }

  int retval = doit(argc, argv);

  WSACleanup();
  return retval;
}

==================头文件==================
icmpdefs.h
//ICMP.DLL 函数中需要的结构

typedef struct {
  unsigned char Ttl;  // Time To Live
  unsigned char Tos;  // Type Of Service
  unsigned char Flags;  // IP header flags
  unsigned char OptionsSize;  // Size in bytes of options data
  unsigned char *OptionsData;  // Pointer to options data
} IP_OPTION_INFORMATION, * PIP_OPTION_INFORMATION;

typedef struct {
  DWORD Address;  // Replying address
  unsigned long  Status;  // Reply status
  unsigned long  RoundTripTime;  // RTT in milliseconds
  unsigned short DataSize;  // Echo data size
  unsigned short Reserved;  // Reserved for system use
  void *Data;  // Pointer to the echo data
  IP_OPTION_INFORMATION Options;  // Reply options
} IP_ECHO_REPLY, * PIP_ECHO_REPLY;
 

链接:
-------
我的其它文章,<>, 和其它文章参见:
http://www.csdn.net/develop/author/netauthor/bugfree/

联系方式:
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 Mailto:zhangliangsd@hotmail.com">zhangliangsd@hotmail.com 

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