注解配置SpringMVC

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我是靠谱客的博主贪玩水壶，这篇文章主要介绍注解配置SpringMVC，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

使用配置类和注解代替web.xml和SpringMVC配置文件的功能

创建初始化类，代替web.xml
在Servlet3.0环境中，容器会在类路径中查找实现javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer接口的类，如果找到的话就用它来配置servlet容器
Spring提供了这个接口的实现，名为SpringServletContainerInitializer，这个类反过来又会查找实现WebApplicationInitializer的类并将配置的任务交给它们来完成。Spring3.2引入了一个便利的WebApplicationInitializer基础实现，名为AbstractAnnotationDispatcherServletInitializer，当我们的类扩展了AbstractAnnotationDispatcherServletInitializer并将其部署到servlet3.0容器的时候，容器会自动发现它，并用它来配置Servlet上下文。

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public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
/**
* 指定spring的配置类
* @return
* **/
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
}
/**
* 指定SpringMVC的配置类
* @return
*/
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
}
/**
* 指定DispatcherServlet的映射规则，即url-pattern
* @return
*/
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
/**
* 注册过滤器
* @return
*/
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter=new CharacterEncodingFilter();
characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
characterEncodingFilter.setForceResponseEncoding(true);
HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter=new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
return new Filter[]{characterEncodingFilter,hiddenHttpMethodFilter};
}
}

2、创建SpringConfig配置类，代替spring的配置文件

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@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
//ssm整合之后，spring的配置信息写在此类中
}

3、创建WebConfig配置类，代替SpringMVC的配置文件

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/**
* 代替SpringMVC的配置文件
* 1.扫描组件
* 2.视图解析器
* 3.view-controller
* 4.default-servlet-handler
* 5.mvc注解驱动
* 6.文件上传解析器
* 7.异常处理
* 8.拦截器
*
*/
//将当前类表示为一个配置类
@Configuration
//1.扫描组件
@ComponentScan("com.atguigu.mvc.controller")
//5.mvc注解驱动
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
//4.default-servlet-handler
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.enable();
}
//8.拦截器
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
TestInterceptor testInterceptor=new TestInterceptor();
registry.addInterceptor(testInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**");
}
//3.view-controller
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/hello").setViewName("hello");
}
//6.文件上传解析器
@Bean
public MultipartResolver multipartResolver(){
CommonsMultipartResolver commonsMultipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver();
return
commonsMultipartResolver;
}
//7.异常处理
public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> resolvers) {
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver exceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties prop=new Properties();
prop.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException","error");
exceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(prop);
exceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("exception");
resolvers.add(exceptionResolver);
}
//配置生成模板解析器
@Bean
public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
// ServletContextTemplateResolver需要一个ServletContext作为构造参数，可通过WebApplicationContext 的方法获得
ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(
webApplicationContext.getServletContext());
templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return templateResolver;
}
//生成模板引擎并为模板引擎注入模板解析器
@Bean
public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(ITemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
return templateEngine;
}
//生成视图解析器并未解析器注入模板引擎
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
return viewResolver;
}
}

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/**
* 代替SpringMVC的配置文件
* 1.扫描组件
* 2.视图解析器
* 3.view-controller
* 4.default-servlet-handler
* 5.mvc注解驱动
* 6.文件上传解析器
* 7.异常处理
* 8.拦截器
*
*/
//将当前类表示为一个配置类
@Configuration
//1.扫描组件
@ComponentScan("com.atguigu.mvc.controller")
//5.mvc注解驱动
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
//4.default-servlet-handler
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
configurer.enable();
}
//8.拦截器
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
TestInterceptor testInterceptor=new TestInterceptor();
registry.addInterceptor(testInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**");
}
//3.view-controller
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/hello").setViewName("hello");
}
//6.文件上传解析器
@Bean
public MultipartResolver multipartResolver(){
CommonsMultipartResolver commonsMultipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver();
return
commonsMultipartResolver;
}
//7.异常处理
public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List<HandlerExceptionResolver> resolvers) {
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver exceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties prop=new Properties();
prop.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException","error");
exceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(prop);
exceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("exception");
resolvers.add(exceptionResolver);
}
//配置生成模板解析器
@Bean
public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
// ServletContextTemplateResolver需要一个ServletContext作为构造参数，可通过WebApplicationContext 的方法获得
ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(
webApplicationContext.getServletContext());
templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return templateResolver;
}
//生成模板引擎并为模板引擎注入模板解析器
@Bean
public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(ITemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
return templateEngine;
}
//生成视图解析器并未解析器注入模板引擎
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
return viewResolver;
}
}