Mockito stubbing

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我是靠谱客的博主温婉百褶裙，这篇文章主要介绍Mockito stubbing，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

什么是Mock stubbing

打桩是一个形象的说法，就是把所需的测试数据塞进对象中，适用于基于状态的（state-based）测试，关注的是输入和输出。Mockito stubbing 打桩功能可以使被打桩的方法调用返回期望的值。Mockito通过Mockito.when().thenReturn()实现打桩功能,在when中定义对象方法和参数（输入）,然后在 thenReturn 中指定结果（输出）。一旦这个方法被 stub 了，就会一直返回这个 stub 的值。

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    @CheckReturnValue
    public static <T> OngoingStubbing<T> when(T methodCall) {
        return MOCKITO_CORE.when(methodCall);
    }

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1
 OngoingStubbing<T> thenReturn(T value);

待测试类

service 依赖repository，service种的findAll()方法调用repository的findAll()方法获取Student的集合并且对获取到的Student集合进行下一步处理时(比如更新所有学生的className)，这时候在测试service时就可以用mockito的打桩功能，给repository的findAll()方法返回的是个固定值，然后在service中继续处理。

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import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Autowired
    private StudentRepository studentRepository;

    @Override
    public List<StudentEntity> findAll() {
        List<StudentEntity> studentEntities = studentRepository.findAll();
        for (StudentEntity studentEntity : studentEntities) {
            studentEntity.setClassName("new class name");
        }
        return studentEntities;
    }

}

准备测试数据数据

srctestresourcescomexamplesutdserviceimplstudentServicetestFindAllStudentEntityList.json

[
    {
        "seqId": "DK",
        "firstName": "jolin",
        "lastName": "li"
    },
    {
        "seqId": "DK1",
        "firstName": "tony",
        "lastName": "he"
    },
    {
        "seqId": "DK2",
        "firstName": "hani",
        "lastName": "zhang"
    }
]

测试类

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import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;

//被测试类
@SpringBootTest(classes = StudentServiceImpl.class)
class StudentServiceImplTest {

@Autowired
    private StudentServiceImpl studentService; // 注入被测试类

@MockBean
    private StudentRepository studentRepository; // Mock被测试类的依赖

private String jsonPath = "/com/example/sutd/service/impl/studentService/";

@Test
    void testFindAll() throws IOException {

// 准备测试数据并mock stubbing 打桩
        List<StudentEntity> studentEntities = JsonObjectUtil.parseArrayFromJsonFile(jsonPath + "testFindAll/StudentEntityList.json", StudentEntity.class);
        Mockito.when(studentRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(studentEntities);

//test
        studentService.findAll();
    }

}

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import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;


//被测试类
@SpringBootTest(classes = StudentServiceImpl.class)
class StudentServiceImplTest {

    @Autowired
    private StudentServiceImpl studentService; // 注入被测试类

    @MockBean
    private StudentRepository studentRepository; // Mock被测试类的依赖

    private String jsonPath = "/com/example/sutd/service/impl/studentService/";

    @Test
    void testFindAll() throws IOException {

        // 准备测试数据并mock stubbing 打桩
        List<StudentEntity> studentEntities = JsonObjectUtil.parseArrayFromJsonFile(jsonPath + "testFindAll/StudentEntityList.json", StudentEntity.class);
        Mockito.when(studentRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(studentEntities);

        //test
        studentService.findAll();
    }

}