测试机ubutun 18.04

1、备份原配置文件

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

2、编辑配置文件

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

     用如下内容替换文件中的原内容，然后保存。（建议多添加几个源，可以选择速度快的源下载，其他源见第4点的其他源）

# 中科大镜像源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 如果系统下vim都没有，那么只能使用“echo”命令来替换了：

echo "deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" > /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list


echo "deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

3、刷新列表并生效

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get install build-essential

   享受飞速的安装和更新吧！

4、其他源

# 清华镜像源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

# 阿里镜像源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

# 163镜像源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

ech命令替换

echo "# 清华镜像源" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "# 阿里镜像源" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

# 163镜像源
echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

echo "deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

最后

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