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Kubernetes集群搭建

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我是靠谱客的博主 义气悟空，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍Kubernetes集群搭建，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> hot3.png

环境说明

操作系统：CentOS7.4 64bit

软件版本：kubernetes-v1.9.6、etcd-v3.2.18、flannel-v0.10.0

下载地址：

https://dl.k8s.io/v1.9.6/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
https://dl.k8s.io/v1.9.6/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.2.18/etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz
https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz

节点分布：

  • 10.0.0.2 Master (kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,flannel)
  • 10.0.0.3 Node (kubelet,kube-proxy,etcd,flannel)
  • 10.0.0.4 Node (kubelet,kube-proxy,etcd,flannel)
  • 10.0.0.5 Node (kubelet,kube-proxy,etcd,flannel)

注意：为了能通过k8s-master:8080 proxy api方式k8s dashboard，Master也安装flannel。

证书生成

kubernetes系统的各组件需要使用 TLS 证书对通信进行加密，本文档使用CloudFlare的 PKI 工具集 cfssl 来生成 Certificate Authority (CA) 和其它证书；

生成的 CA 证书和秘钥文件如下：

  • k8s-root-ca-key.pem
  • k8s-root-ca.pem
  • kubernetes-key.pem
  • kubernetes.pem
  • kube-proxy.pem
  • kube-proxy-key.pem
  • admin.pem
  • admin-key.pem

使用证书的组件如下：

  • etcd：使用 k8s-root-ca.pem、kubernetes-key.pem、kubernetes.pem；
  • kube-apiserver：使用 k8s-root-ca.pem、kubernetes-key.pem、kubernetes.pem；
  • kubelet：使用k8s-root-ca.pem；
  • kube-proxy：使用k8s-root-ca.pem、kube-proxy-key.pem、kube-proxy.pem；
  • kubectl：使用k8s-root-ca.pem、admin-key.pem、admin.pem；

SSL工具下载：

wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/{cfssl,cfssljson,cfssl-certinfo}

创建kubernetes目录用户存放证书和配置文件：

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl

注意：之后证书相关目录都在/etc/kubernetes/ssl

在Master节点上创建cfssl所需的json文件：

admin-csr.json

{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "ShangHai",
      "L": "ShangHai",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

k8s-gencert.json

  1. {
  2.   "signing": {
  3.     "default": {
  4.       "expiry": "87600h"
  5.     },
  6.     "profiles": {
  7.       "kubernetes": {
  8.         "usages": [
  9.             "signing",
  10.             "key encipherment",
  11.             "server auth",
  12.             "client auth"
  13.         ],
  14.         "expiry": "87600h"
  15.       }
  16.     }
  17.   }
  18. }

k8s-root-ca-csr.json

  1. {
  2.   "CN": "kubernetes",
  3.   "key": {
  4.     "algo": "rsa",
  5.     "size": 2048
  6.   },
  7.   "names": [
  8.     {
  9.       "C": "CN",
  10.       "ST": "ShangHai",
  11.       "L": "ShangHai",
  12.       "O": "k8s",
  13.       "OU": "System"
  14.     }
  15.   ]
  16. }

kube-proxy-csr.json

  1. {
  2.   "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  3.   "hosts": [],
  4.   "key": {
  5.     "algo": "rsa",
  6.     "size": 2048
  7.   },
  8.   "names": [
  9.     {
  10.       "C": "CN",
  11.       "ST": "ShangHai",
  12.       "L": "ShangHai",
  13.       "O": "k8s",
  14.       "OU": "System"
  15.     }
  16.   ]
  17. }

kubernetes-csr.json

注意：

hosts字段不支持网段及正则写法，所以尽量预留IP,建议整个网段，如：10.0.0.2～254；可通过如下脚本生成一段IP地址。

  1. for ID in `seq 2 254`; do echo     "10.0.0.$ID",; done

172.8.0.1为内部services api地址；172.8.0.2为内部services dns地址

172.8.0.0/24网段也可预留多个地址

  1. {
  2.     "CN": "kubernetes",
  3.     "hosts": [
  4.       "127.0.0.1",
  5.       "172.8.0.1",
  6.       "172.8.0.2",
  7.       "10.0.0.2",
  8.       "10.0.0.3",
  9.       "10.0.0.4",
  10.       "10.0.0.5",
  11.            ...
  12.       "10.0.0.254",
  13.       "kubernetes",
  14.       "kubernetes.default",
  15.       "kubernetes.default.svc",
  16.       "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
  17.       "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  18.     ],
  19.     "key": {
  20.         "algo": "rsa",
  21.         "size": 2048
  22.     },
  23.     "names": [
  24.         {
  25.             "C": "CN",
  26.             "ST": "ShangHai",
  27.             "L": "ShangHai",
  28.             "O": "k8s",
  29.             "OU": "System"
  30.         }
  31.     ]
  32. }

生成CA证书和私钥

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes/ssl
  2. cfssl gencert -initca k8s-root-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare k8s-root-ca

生成kubernetes,admin,kube-proxy证书和私钥

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes/ssl
  2. for targetName in kubernetes admin kube-proxy; do cfssl gencert --ca k8s-root-ca.pem --ca-key k8s-root-ca-key.pem --config k8s-gencert.json --profile kubernetes $targetName-csr.json | cfssljson --bare $targetName; done

分发证书和私钥至所有服务器

  1. scp *.pem 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
  2. scp *.pem 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/ssl
  3. scp *.pem 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/ssl

etcd集群搭建

hosts绑定，/etc/hosts

  1. 10.0.0.3 etcd01
  2. 10.0.0.4 etcd02
  3. 10.0.0.5 etcd03

将etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz解压到三台服务器/usr/local/bin/{etcd,etcdctl}

三台服务器创建etcd数据目录：

  1. mkdir -p /data/etcd

10.0.0.3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Etcd Server
  3. After=network.target
  4. After=network-online.target
  5. Wants=network-online.target
  6. Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
  7. [Service]
  8. Type=notify
  9. WorkingDirectory=/data/etcd/
  10. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/etcd.conf
  11. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd 
  12. --name=etcd01 
  13. --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  14. --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  15. --peer-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  16. --peer-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  17. --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  18. --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  19. --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2380 
  20. --listen-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2380 
  21. --listen-client-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 
  22. --advertise-client-urls=https://10.0.0.3:2379 
  23. --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 
  24. --initial-cluster=etcd01=https://10.0.0.3:2380,etcd02=https://10.0.0.4:2380,etcd03=https://10.0.0.5:2380 
  25. --initial-cluster-state=new 
  26. --data-dir=/data/etcd
  27. Restart=on-failure
  28. RestartSec=5

10.0.0.4:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Etcd Server
  3. After=network.target
  4. After=network-online.target
  5. Wants=network-online.target
  6. Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
  7. [Service]
  8. Type=notify
  9. WorkingDirectory=/data/etcd/
  10. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/etcd.conf
  11. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd 
  12. --name=etcd02 
  13. --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  14. --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  15. --peer-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  16. --peer-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  17. --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  18. --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  19. --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2380 
  20. --listen-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2380 
  21. --listen-client-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 
  22. --advertise-client-urls=https://10.0.0.4:2379 
  23. --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 
  24. --initial-cluster=etcd01=https://10.0.0.3:2380,etcd02=https://10.0.0.4:2380,etcd03=https://10.0.0.5:2380 
  25. --initial-cluster-state=new 
  26. --data-dir=/data/etcd
  27. Restart=on-failure
  28. RestartSec=5
  29. LimitNOFILE=65536
  30. [Install]
  31. WantedBy=multi-user.target

10.0.0.5:/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Etcd Server
  3. After=network.target
  4. After=network-online.target
  5. Wants=network-online.target
  6. Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
  7. [Service]
  8. Type=notify
  9. WorkingDirectory=/data/etcd/
  10. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/etcd.conf
  11. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd 
  12. --name=etcd03 
  13. --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  14. --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  15. --peer-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  16. --peer-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  17. --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  18. --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  19. --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2380 
  20. --listen-peer-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2380 
  21. --listen-client-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 
  22. --advertise-client-urls=https://10.0.0.5:2379 
  23. --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 
  24. --initial-cluster=etcd01=https://10.0.0.3:2380,etcd02=https://10.0.0.4:2380,etcd03=https://10.0.0.5:2380 
  25. --initial-cluster-state=new 
  26. --data-dir=/data/etcd
  27. Restart=on-failure
  28. RestartSec=5
  29. LimitNOFILE=65536
  30. [Install]
  31. WantedBy=multi-user.target

三台服务器分别启动命令

  1. systemctl enable etcd
  2. systemctl start etcd

验证健康状态

  1. etcdctl  --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  2.   --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  3.   --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  4.   cluster-health

显示cluster is healthy即etcd集群正常

flannel网络配置

将flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz解压到4台（即所有节点，包括Master、Node）服务器/usr/local/bin/{flanneld,mk-docker-opts.sh}

flanneld配置文件/etc/kubernetes/flannel

  1. # Flanneld configuration options  
  2.  
  3. # etcd url location.  Point this to the server where etcd runs
  4. ETCD_ENDPOINTS="https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379"
  5.  
  6. # etcd config key.  This is the configuration key that flannel queries
  7. # For address range assignment
  8. ETCD_PREFIX="/kubernetes/network"
  9.  
  10. # Any additional options that you want to pass
  11. FLANNEL_OPTIONS="-etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem -etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem -iface=eth0"

flanneld启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
  3. After=network.target
  4. After=network-online.target
  5. Wants=network-online.target
  6. After=etcd.service
  7. Before=docker.service
  8. [Service]
  9. Type=notify
  10. EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/flannel
  11. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/docker-network
  12. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/flanneld 
  13.   -etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} 
  14.   -etcd-prefix=${ETCD_PREFIX} 
  15.   $FLANNEL_OPTIONS
  16. ExecStartPost=/usr/local/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -d /run/flannel/docker
  17. Restart=on-failure
  18. [Install]
  19. WantedBy=multi-user.target
  20. RequiredBy=docker.service

在etcd中创建网络配置

  1. etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 
  2.   --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  3.   --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  4.   --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  5.   mkdir /kubernetes/network
  6. etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 
  7.   --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  8.   --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  9.   --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  10.   mk /kubernetes/network/config '{"Network":"172.7.0.0/16","SubnetLen":24,"Backend":{ "Type": "vxlan", "VNI": 1 }}'

flannel启动命令

  1. systemctl enable flanneld
  2. systemctl start flanneld

验证etcd中创建的网络配置

  1. etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 
  2.   --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  3.   --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  4.   --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  5.   get /kubernetes/network/config
  6.  
  7. etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379 
  8.   --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  9.   --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  10.   --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  11.   ls /kubernetes/network/subnets

docker-ce安装

注意Node节点安装docker，hub.linuxeye.com为内网私有参考，建议使用vmware harhor

  1. wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
  2. yum -y install docker-ce

修改/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Docker Application Container Engine
  3. Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
  4. After=network-online.target firewalld.service
  5. Wants=network-online.target
  6.  
  7. [Service]
  8. Type=notify
  9. # the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
  10. # exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
  11. # for containers run by docker
  12. EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
  13. ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd --insecure-registry hub.linuxeye.com --data-root=/data/docker --log-opt max-size=1024m --log-opt max-file=10 $DOCKER_OPTS
  14. ExecStartPost=/sbin/iptables -I FORWARD -s 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
  15. ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
  16. # Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
  17. # in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
  18. LimitNOFILE=infinity
  19. LimitNPROC=infinity
  20. LimitCORE=infinity
  21. # Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
  22. # Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
  23. #TasksMax=infinity
  24. TimeoutStartSec=0
  25. # set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
  26. Delegate=yes
  27. # kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
  28. KillMode=process
  29. # restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
  30. Restart=on-failure
  31. StartLimitBurst=3
  32. StartLimitInterval=60s
  33.  
  34. [Install]
  35. WantedBy=multi-user.target

修改docker.service后执行

  1. systemctl daemon-reload
  2. systemctl start docker

注意：docker在flannel之后启动

Kubeconfig生成

在10.0.0.2 Master节点上将kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz解压中文件放到/usr/local/bin

kubeconfig文件记录k8s集群的各种信息，对集群构建非常重要。

  • kubectl命令行工具从~/.kube/config，即kubectl的kubeconfig文件中获取访问kube-apiserver的地址，证书和用户名等信息
  • kubelet/kube-proxy等在Node上的程序进程同样通过bootstrap.kubeconfig和kube-proxy.kubeconfig上提供的认证与授权信息与Master进行通讯

请在Master上执行，即10.0.0.2

Kubectl kubeconfig

生成的文件在~/.kube/config下

声明kube apiserver

  1. export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.2:6443"

设置集群参数

  1. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
  2.   --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  3.   --embed-certs=true 
  4.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER}

设置客户端认证参数

  1. kubectl config set-credentials admin 
  2.   --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem 
  3.   --embed-certs=true 
  4.   --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem

设置上下文参数

  1. kubectl config set-context kubernetes 
  2.   --cluster=kubernetes 
  3.   --user=admin

设置默认上下文

  1. kubectl config use-context kubernetes

Kubelet kubeconfig

声明kube apiserver

  1. export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.2:6443"

设置集群参数

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
  3.   --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  4.   --embed-certs=true 
  5.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
  6.   --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置客户端认证参数

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. export BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
  3. kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap 
  4.   --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN}
  5.   --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置上下文参数

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config set-context default 
  3.   --cluster=kubernetes 
  4.   --user=kubelet-bootstrap 
  5.   --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

设置默认上下文

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

Kube-proxy kubeconfig

生成Token认证文件

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. cat > token.csv <<EOF
  3. ${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
  4. EOF

声明kube apiserver

  1. export KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.0.0.2:6443"

设置集群参数

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
  3.   --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  4.   --embed-certs=true 
  5.   --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} 
  6.   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

设置客户端认证参数

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy 
  3.   --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem 
  4.   --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem 
  5.   --embed-certs=true 
  6.   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

设置上下文参数

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config set-context default 
  3.   --cluster=kubernetes 
  4.   --user=kube-proxy 
  5.   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

设置默认上下文

  1. cd /etc/kubernetes
  2. kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

分发kubeconfig文件

将生成的kubeconfig分发到所有Node机器的/etc/kubernetes

  1. scp ~/.kube/config 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig
  2. scp /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig
  3. scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.3:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  4.  
  5. scp ~/.kube/config 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig
  6. scp /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig
  7. scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.4:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
  8.  
  9. scp ~/.kube/config 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig
  10. scp /etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig
  11. scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.5:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

Master搭建

通用配置文件/etc/kubernetes/config

  1. ###
  2. # kubernetes system config
  3. #
  4. # The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
  5. # kubernetes services, including
  6. #
  7. #   kube-apiserver.service
  8. #   kube-controller-manager.service
  9. #   kube-scheduler.service
  10. #   kubelet.service
  11. #   kube-proxy.service
  12. # logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
  13. KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
  14. # journal message level, 0 is debug
  15. KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
  16. # Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
  17. KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true"
  18. # How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
  19. KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.2:8080"

kube apiserver配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver

  1. ###
  2. ## kubernetes system config
  3. ##
  4. ## The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
  5. ##
  6. #
  7. ## The address on the local server to listen to.
  8. KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--advertise-address=10.0.0.2 --bind-address=10.0.0.2 --insecure-bind-address=10.0.0.2"
  9. #
  10. ## The port on the local server to listen on.
  11. #KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
  12. #
  13. ## Port minions listen on
  14. #KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
  15. #
  16. ## Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
  17. KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=https://10.0.0.3:2379,https://10.0.0.4:2379,https://10.0.0.5:2379"
  18. #
  19. ## Address range to use for services
  20. KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=172.8.0.0/16"
  21. #
  22. ## default admission control policies
  23. #KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=ServiceAccount,NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota"
  24. KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction"
  25. #
  26. ## Add your own!
  27. KUBE_API_ARGS=" --enable-bootstrap-token-auth 
  28.                 --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node 
  29.                 --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 
  30.                 --kubelet-https=true 
  31.                 --service-node-port-range=30000-65000 
  32.                 --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv 
  33.                 --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  34.                 --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  35.                 --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  36.                 --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem 
  37.                 --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  38.                 --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  39.                 --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  40.                 --enable-swagger-ui=true 
  41.                 --apiserver-count=3 
  42.                 --audit-log-maxage=30 
  43.                 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 
  44.                 --audit-log-maxsize=100 
  45.                 --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log 
  46.                 --event-ttl=1h"

kube apiserver启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Kubernetes API Service
  3. Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
  4. After=network.target
  5. After=etcd.service
  6. [Service]
  7. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
  8. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver
  9. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver 
  10.         $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR 
  11.         $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL 
  12.         $KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS 
  13.         $KUBE_API_ADDRESS 
  14.         $KUBE_API_PORT 
  15.         $KUBELET_PORT 
  16.         $KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV 
  17.         $KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES 
  18.         $KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL 
  19.         $KUBE_API_ARGS
  20. Restart=on-failure
  21. RestartSec=15
  22. Type=notify
  23. LimitNOFILE=65536
  24. [Install]
  25. WantedBy=multi-user.target

kube-controller-manager配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager

  1. ###
  2. # The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager
  3. # defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate
  4. # Add your own!
  5. KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--address=10.0.0.2 
  6.                               --service-cluster-ip-range=172.8.0.0/16 
  7.                               --cluster-cidr=172.7.0.0/16 
  8.                               --allocate-node-cidrs=true 
  9.                               --cluster-name=kubernetes 
  10.                               --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  11.                               --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem  
  12.                               --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem 
  13.                               --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  14.                               --leader-elect=true"

kube-controller-manager启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
  3. Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
  4. [Service]
  5. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
  6. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager
  7. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager 
  8.         $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR 
  9.         $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL 
  10.         $KUBE_MASTER 
  11.         $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
  12. Restart=on-failure
  13. LimitNOFILE=65536
  14. [Install]
  15. WantedBy=multi-user.target

kube-scheduler配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler

  1. ###
  2. # kubernetes scheduler config
  3. # default config should be adequate
  4. # Add your own!
  5. KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--leader-elect=true 
  6.                      --address=10.0.0.2"

kube-scheduler启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin
  3. Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
  4. [Service]
  5. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
  6. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler
  7. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler 
  8.             $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR 
  9.             $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL 
  10.             $KUBE_MASTER 
  11.             $KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
  12. Restart=on-failure
  13. LimitNOFILE=65536
  14. [Install]
  15. WantedBy=multi-user.target

启用服务

  1. systemctl enable kube-apiserver
  2. systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
  3. systemctl enable kube-scheduler
  4.  
  5. systemctl start kube-apiserver
  6. systemctl start kube-controller-manager
  7. systemctl start kube-scheduler

Node搭建

kubelet

创建bootstrap 角色及绑定(10.0.0.2 Master上执行)

  1. kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap 
  2.   --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper 
  3.   --user=kubelet-bootstrap

注意：之后操作在所有Node节点执行

通用配置文件/etc/kubernetes/config

  1. ###
  2. # kubernetes system config
  3. #
  4. # The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
  5. # kubernetes services, including
  6. #
  7. #   kube-apiserver.service
  8. #   kube-controller-manager.service
  9. #   kube-scheduler.service
  10. #   kubelet.service
  11. #   kube-proxy.service
  12. # logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
  13. KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"
  14. # journal message level, 0 is debug
  15. KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"
  16. # Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
  17. KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true"
  18. # How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
  19. KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://10.0.0.2:8080"

关闭SWAP

  1. swapoff -a #不关闭kubelet启动会报错

创建存放kubelet数据目录

  1. mkdir -p /data/kubelet

kubelet配置文件/etc/kubernetes/kubelet

  1. ###
  2. ## kubernetes kubelet (minion) config
  3. #
  4. ## The address for the info server to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 or "" for all interfaces)
  5. KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=10.0.0.3"
  6. #
  7. ## The port for the info server to serve on
  8. #
  9. ## You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname
  10. KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=10.0.0.3"
  11. #
  12. ## pod infrastructure container
  13. KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=hub.linuxeye.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest"
  14. #
  15. ## Add your own!
  16. KUBELET_ARGS="--cluster-dns=172.8.0.2 
  17.               --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap.kubeconfig 
  18.               --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig 
  19.               --require-kubeconfig 
  20.               --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl 
  21.               --cluster-domain=cluster.local. 
  22.               --hairpin-mode promiscuous-bridge 
  23.               --serialize-image-pulls=false 
  24.               --container-runtime=docker 
  25.               --register-node 
  26.               --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca.pem 
  27.               --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/k8s-root-ca-key.pem 
  28.               --root-dir=/data/kubelet"

kubelet启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
  3. Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
  4. After=docker.service
  5. Requires=docker.service
  6. [Service]
  7. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
  8. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
  9. ExecStart=/usr/local/binkubelet 
  10.             $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR 
  11.             $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL 
  12.             $KUBELET_API_SERVER 
  13.             $KUBELET_ADDRESS 
  14.             $KUBELET_PORT 
  15.             $KUBELET_HOSTNAME 
  16.             $KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV 
  17.             $KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER 
  18.             $KUBELET_ARGS
  19. Restart=on-failure
  20. [Install]
  21. WantedBy=multi-user.target

kubelet启动命令

  1. systemctl enable kubelet
  2. systemctl start kubelet

kube-proxy

安装依赖包

  1. yum install -y conntrack-tools

kube-proxy配置文件/etc/kubernetes/proxy

  1. ###
  2. # kubernetes proxy config
  3. # default config should be adequate
  4. # Add your own!
  5. KUBE_PROXY_ARGS="--bind-address=10.52.7.56 
  6.                  --hostname-override=10.52.7.56 
  7.                  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 
  8.                  --cluster-cidr=172.7.0.0/16"

kube-proxy启动脚本/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

  1. [Unit]
  2. Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
  3. Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
  4. After=network.target
  5. [Service]
  6. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config
  7. EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/proxy
  8. ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy 
  9.         $KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR 
  10.         $KUBE_LOG_LEVEL 
  11.         $KUBE_MASTER 
  12.         $KUBE_PROXY_ARGS
  13. Restart=on-failure
  14. LimitNOFILE=65536
  15. [Install]
  16. WantedBy=multi-user.target

kube-proxy启动命令

  1. systemctl enable kube-proxy
  2. systemctl start kube-proxy

验证Node是否正常

在10.0.0.2 Master上运行，状态为Ready即正常，否则请检查整个安装过程

  1. kubectl get nodes
  2. NAME         STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
  3. 10.0.0.0.2   Ready     <none>    1m        v1.9.6

DashBoard搭建

请在10.0.0.2 Master节点操作，yaml文件参考：https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-state-metrics/tree/master/kubernetes

kube-state-metrics.yaml

  1. kubectl apply -f kube-state-metrics.yaml

kube-state-metrics-deploy.yaml

  1. kubectl apply -f kube-state-metrics-deploy.yaml

dashboard yaml文件可参考：

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml

特别注意cert证书、docker image地址，以下yaml是去掉证书部分。

dashboard-rbac.yaml

  1. apiVersion: v1
  2. kind: ServiceAccount
  3. metadata:
  4.   name: dashboard
  5.   namespace: kube-system
  6. ---
  7. kind: ClusterRoleBinding
  8. apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
  9. metadata:
  10.   name: dashboard
  11. subjects:
  12.   - kind: ServiceAccount
  13.     name: dashboard
  14.     namespace: kube-system
  15. roleRef:
  16.   kind: ClusterRole
  17.   name: cluster-admin
  18.   apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

dashboard-service.yaml

  1. apiVersion: v1
  2. kind: Service
  3. metadata:
  4.   name: kubernetes-dashboard
  5.   namespace: kube-system
  6.   labels:
  7.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  8.     kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
  9.     addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
  10. spec:
  11.   selector:
  12.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  13.   ports:
  14.   - port: 80
  15.     targetPort: 9090

dashboard-controller.yaml

  1. apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
  2. kind: Deployment
  3. metadata:
  4.   name: kubernetes-dashboard
  5.   namespace: kube-system
  6.   labels:
  7.     k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  8.     kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
  9.     addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
  10. spec:
  11.   selector:
  12.     matchLabels:
  13.       k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  14.   template:
  15.     metadata:
  16.       labels:
  17.         k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  18.       annotations:
  19.         scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''
  20.     spec:
  21.       serviceAccountName: dashboard
  22.       containers:
  23.       - name: kubernetes-dashboard
  24.         image: hub.linuxeye.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
  25.         resources:
  26.           limits:
  27.             cpu: 1000m
  28.             memory: 2000Mi
  29.           requests:
  30.             cpu: 1000m
  31.             memory: 2000Mi
  32.         ports:
  33.         - containerPort: 9090
  34.         livenessProbe:
  35.           httpGet:
  36.             path: /
  37.             port: 9090
  38.           initialDelaySeconds: 30
  39.           timeoutSeconds: 30
  40.       tolerations:
  41.       - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
  42.         operator: "Exists"

应用dashboard yaml文件

  1. kubectl apply -f dashboard-rbac.yaml
  2. kubectl apply -f dashboard-service.yaml
  3. kubectl apply -f dashboard-controller.yaml

验证dashboard运行状况

  1. kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
  2. NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP           NODE
  3. kube-state-metrics-7859f12bfb-k22m9     2/2       Running   0          19h       172.7.17.2   10.0.0.2
  4. kubernetes-dashboard-745998bbd4-n9dfd   1/1       Running   0          18h       172.7.17.3   10.0.0.2

一直Running状态即正常，否则可能有问题，可用如下命令查看报错：

  1. kubectl logs kubernetes-dashboard-745998bbd4-n9dfd -n kube-system

最后来一张kubernetes-dashboard UI

通过Master api proxy访问UI，即http://10.0.0.2:8080/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/proxy/

原文：https://blog.linuxeye.cn/458.html

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/lj2007331/blog/1790967

最后

以上就是义气悟空为你收集整理的Kubernetes集群搭建的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决Kubernetes集群搭建所遇到的程序开发问题。

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