python可嵌入和可执行版本,将版本嵌入python包的标准方法？

Is there a standard way to associate version string with a python package in such way that I could do the following?

import foo

print foo.version

I would imagine there's some way to retrieve that data without any extra hardcoding, since minor/major strings are specified in setup.py already. Alternative solution that I found was to have import __version__ in my foo/__init__.py and then have __version__.py generated by setup.py.

解决方案

Not directly an answer to your question, but you should consider naming it __version__, not version.

This is almost a quasi-standard. Many modules in the standard library use __version__, and this is also used in lots of 3rd-party modules, so it's the quasi-standard.

Usually, __version__ is a string, but sometimes it's also a float or tuple.

Edit: as mentioned by S.Lott (Thank you!), PEP 8 says it explicitly:

Module Level Dunder Names

Module level "dunders" (i.e. names with two leading and two trailing

underscores) such as __all__, __author__, __version__, etc.

should be placed after the module docstring but before any import

statements except from __future__ imports.

You should also make sure that the version number conforms to the format described in PEP 440 (PEP 386 a previous version of this standard).