CentOS无人值守U盘安装（kickstart）

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我是靠谱客的博主瘦瘦雪糕，这篇文章主要介绍CentOS无人值守U盘安装（kickstart），现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

CentOS默认镜像安装时使用界面模式，但有些情况下确实缺少鼠标键盘设备无法方便的进行安装，现放出kickstart工具的完整ks.cfg以及isolinux.cfg文件，请各位随时取用！针对EFI模式补充EFI配置文件支持BIOS以及EFI两种模式。

复制代码

#ks.cfg
#
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda
# Install, not upgrade
install
cdrom
# enable graphical
#graphical
text
firstboot --disable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
network --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.0.2 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.0.1 --device=enp2s0
network
--hostname=localhost
selinux --disabled
firewall --enable
# Language and keyboard setup
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Authentication
rootpw --iscrypted "加密密码"
# Setting partitions
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel --drives=sda
#autopart --type=lvm
part /boot --fstype xfs --size=1024
part pv.01 --size=1 --grow
volgroup localhost pv.01
logvol / --vgname=localhost --size=102400 --name=root
logvol /home --vgname=localhost --size=51200 --name=home
logvol swap --vgname=localhost --size=4096
--name=swap
logvol /var --fstype ext4 --vgname=localhost --size=1 --grow --name=var
#part /boot
--onpart=/dev/sda1
#part /
--onpart=/dev/sda3
#part /home
--onpart=/dev/sda4
#part /var
--onpart=/dev/sda5
#part swap
--onpart=/dev/sda6
bootloader --timeout=5 --append="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,9600" --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# Shutdown when the kickstart is done
#reboot --eject
poweroff
# 指定要安装的软件包
# 默认
%packages
@core
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%pre
#dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
#parted -s /dev/sda mklabel msdos
#TOTAL=`parted -s /dev/sda unit mb print free | grep Free | awk '{print $3}' | cut -d "M" -f1`
#let SWAP_START=$TOTAL-2048
#let ROOT_START=$SWAP_START-102400
#let HOME_START=$ROOT_START-51200
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart primary xfs 0 2048
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart extended 2048 $TOTAL
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical xfs 2048 $HOME_START
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical xfs $HOME_START $ROOT_START
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical xfs $ROOT_START $SWAP_START
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical $SWAP_START $TOTAL
%end
%post --nochroot
# 复制安装光盘plus目录下所有内容到系统/mnt目录下
mkdir -p /mnt/sysimage/var/plus
cp -fr /mnt/install/repo/plus/* /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/
cp -fr /mnt/install/repo/Packages /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/
cp -fr /mnt/install/repo/repodata /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/
# 复制安装光盘plus/init.sh文件到系统/root目录下 作为初始化执行脚本
cp /mnt/install/repo/plus/init.sh /mnt/sysimage/root/
#chmod 777 /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo 'if [[ ! -e "/etc/.console-end" ]];then' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo '
/var/plus/remkgrub.sh &' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo 'fi' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo 'ldconfig' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo '/usr/local/openssh/sbin/sshd' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
chmod 777 /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
tar zxvfp /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/openssh.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/
tar zxvfp /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/openssl.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/
tar zxvfp /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/zlib.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/
mv /mnt/sysimage/etc/ssh/sshd_config /mnt/sysimage/etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/sbin/sshd /mnt/sysimage/usr/sbin/sshd.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh-keygen /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh-keygen.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/scp /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/scp.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/sftp /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/sftp.bak
rm -f /mnt/sysimage/usr/libexec/openssh/*
chmod 600 /mnt/sysimage/etc/ssh/*key
chmod 600 /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/openssh/etc/*key
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssh/bin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssh/sbin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssl/bin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/ld.so.conf
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/g' /mnt/sysimage/etc/selinux/config
%end

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#ks.cfg
#
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda
# Install, not upgrade
install
cdrom
# enable graphical
#graphical
text
firstboot --disable
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
network --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.0.2 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.0.1 --device=enp2s0
network
--hostname=localhost
selinux --disabled
firewall --enable
# Language and keyboard setup
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Authentication
rootpw --iscrypted "加密密码"
# Setting partitions
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel --drives=sda
#autopart --type=lvm
part /boot --fstype xfs --size=1024
part pv.01 --size=1 --grow
volgroup localhost pv.01
logvol / --vgname=localhost --size=102400 --name=root
logvol /home --vgname=localhost --size=51200 --name=home
logvol swap --vgname=localhost --size=4096
--name=swap
logvol /var --fstype ext4 --vgname=localhost --size=1 --grow --name=var
#part /boot
--onpart=/dev/sda1
#part /
--onpart=/dev/sda3
#part /home
--onpart=/dev/sda4
#part /var
--onpart=/dev/sda5
#part swap
--onpart=/dev/sda6
bootloader --timeout=5 --append="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,9600" --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# Shutdown when the kickstart is done
#reboot --eject
poweroff
# 指定要安装的软件包
# 默认
%packages
@core
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%pre
#dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
#parted -s /dev/sda mklabel msdos
#TOTAL=`parted -s /dev/sda unit mb print free | grep Free | awk '{print $3}' | cut -d "M" -f1`
#let SWAP_START=$TOTAL-2048
#let ROOT_START=$SWAP_START-102400
#let HOME_START=$ROOT_START-51200
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart primary xfs 0 2048
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart extended 2048 $TOTAL
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical xfs 2048 $HOME_START
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical xfs $HOME_START $ROOT_START
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical xfs $ROOT_START $SWAP_START
#parted -s /dev/sda mkpart logical $SWAP_START $TOTAL
%end
%post --nochroot
# 复制安装光盘plus目录下所有内容到系统/mnt目录下
mkdir -p /mnt/sysimage/var/plus
cp -fr /mnt/install/repo/plus/* /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/
cp -fr /mnt/install/repo/Packages /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/
cp -fr /mnt/install/repo/repodata /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/
# 复制安装光盘plus/init.sh文件到系统/root目录下 作为初始化执行脚本
cp /mnt/install/repo/plus/init.sh /mnt/sysimage/root/
#chmod 777 /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.d/rc.local
echo 'if [[ ! -e "/etc/.console-end" ]];then' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo '
/var/plus/remkgrub.sh &' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo 'fi' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo 'ldconfig' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
echo '/usr/local/openssh/sbin/sshd' >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
chmod 777 /mnt/sysimage/etc/rc.local
tar zxvfp /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/openssh.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/
tar zxvfp /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/openssl.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/
tar zxvfp /mnt/sysimage/var/plus/zlib.tar.gz -C /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/
mv /mnt/sysimage/etc/ssh/sshd_config /mnt/sysimage/etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/sbin/sshd /mnt/sysimage/usr/sbin/sshd.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh-keygen /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/ssh-keygen.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/scp /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/scp.bak
mv /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/sftp /mnt/sysimage/usr/bin/sftp.bak
rm -f /mnt/sysimage/usr/libexec/openssh/*
chmod 600 /mnt/sysimage/etc/ssh/*key
chmod 600 /mnt/sysimage/usr/local/openssh/etc/*key
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssh/bin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssh/sbin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssl/bin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/profile
echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /mnt/sysimage/etc/ld.so.conf
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/g' /mnt/sysimage/etc/selinux/config
%end

复制代码

#isolinux.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
timeout 6
#display boot.msg
menu clear
menu background splash.png
menu title MyOS
menu vshift 8
menu rows 18
menu margin 8
menu helpmsgrow 15
menu tabmsgrow 13
# Border Area
menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none
# Selected item
menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Title bar
menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none
# Press [Tab] message
menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none
# Unselected menu item
menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Selected hotkey
menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Unselected hotkey
menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Help text
menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# A scrollbar of some type? Not sure.
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none
# Timeout msg
menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Command prompt text
menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message.
menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items.
menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line
label linux
menu label ^Install MyOS
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.ks=hd:LABEL=MyOS:/isolinux/ks.cfg
inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=MyOS quiet
#label check
#
menu label Test this ^media & install CentOS 7
#
menu default
#
kernel vmlinuz
#
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rd.live.check quiet
menu separator # insert an empty line
# utilities submenu
menu begin ^Troubleshooting
menu title Troubleshooting
label vesa
menu indent count 5
menu label Install CentOS 7 in ^basic graphics mode
text help
Try this option out if you're having trouble installing
CentOS 7.
endtext
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet
label rescue
menu indent count 5
menu label ^Rescue a CentOS system
text help
If the system will not boot, this lets you access files
and edit config files to try to get it booting again.
endtext
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rescue quiet
label memtest
menu label Run a ^memory test
text help
If your system is having issues, a problem with your
system's memory may be the cause. Use this utility to
see if the memory is working correctly.
endtext
kernel memtest
menu separator # insert an empty line
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line
label returntomain
menu label Return to ^main menu
menu exit
menu end

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#isolinux.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
timeout 6
#display boot.msg
menu clear
menu background splash.png
menu title MyOS
menu vshift 8
menu rows 18
menu margin 8
menu helpmsgrow 15
menu tabmsgrow 13
# Border Area
menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none
# Selected item
menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Title bar
menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none
# Press [Tab] message
menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none
# Unselected menu item
menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Selected hotkey
menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
# Unselected hotkey
menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Help text
menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# A scrollbar of some type? Not sure.
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none
# Timeout msg
menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Command prompt text
menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
# Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message.
menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items.
menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line
label linux
menu label ^Install MyOS
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.ks=hd:LABEL=MyOS:/isolinux/ks.cfg
inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=MyOS quiet
#label check
#
menu label Test this ^media & install CentOS 7
#
menu default
#
kernel vmlinuz
#
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rd.live.check quiet
menu separator # insert an empty line
# utilities submenu
menu begin ^Troubleshooting
menu title Troubleshooting
label vesa
menu indent count 5
menu label Install CentOS 7 in ^basic graphics mode
text help
Try this option out if you're having trouble installing
CentOS 7.
endtext
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet
label rescue
menu indent count 5
menu label ^Rescue a CentOS system
text help
If the system will not boot, this lets you access files
and edit config files to try to get it booting again.
endtext
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rescue quiet
label memtest
menu label Run a ^memory test
text help
If your system is having issues, a problem with your
system's memory may be the cause. Use this utility to
see if the memory is working correctly.
endtext
kernel memtest
menu separator # insert an empty line
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line
label returntomain
menu label Return to ^main menu
menu exit
menu end

复制代码

#EFI模式的grub.cfg
set default="1"
function load_video {
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
insmod all_video
}
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set timeout=6
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
search --no-floppy --set=root -l 'MYOS'
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Install MYOS' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=MYOS inst.ks=hd:LABEL=MYOS:/isolinux/ks.cfg quiet
initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
}
#menuentry 'Test this media & install CentOS 7' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
#	linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rd.live.check quiet
#	initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
#}
#submenu 'Troubleshooting -->' {
#	menuentry 'Install CentOS 7 in basic graphics mode' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
#
linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet
#
initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
#	}
#	menuentry 'Rescue a CentOS system' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
#
linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rescue quiet
#
initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
#	}
#}

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#EFI模式的grub.cfg
set default="1"
function load_video {
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
insmod all_video
}
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set timeout=6
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
search --no-floppy --set=root -l 'MYOS'
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'Install MYOS' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=MYOS inst.ks=hd:LABEL=MYOS:/isolinux/ks.cfg quiet
initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
}
#menuentry 'Test this media & install CentOS 7' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
#	linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rd.live.check quiet
#	initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
#}
#submenu 'Troubleshooting -->' {
#	menuentry 'Install CentOS 7 in basic graphics mode' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
#
linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet
#
initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
#	}
#	menuentry 'Rescue a CentOS system' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
#
linuxefi /images/pxeboot/vmlinuz inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=CentOSx207x20x86_64 rescue quiet
#
initrdefi /images/pxeboot/initrd.img
#	}
#}