微信公众号的开发之自定义菜单(二)

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我是靠谱客的博主难过故事，这篇文章主要介绍微信公众号的开发之自定义菜单(二)，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

首先，个人订阅号没有自定义菜单的权限，这时候可以使用测试公众号

步骤：定义json文件

复制代码

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{
"button": [
{
"type": "click",
"name": "菜单一",
"key": "one"
},
{
"type": "click",
"name": "菜单二",
"key": "two"
},
{
"type": "click",
"name": "菜单三",
"key": "three"
}
]
}

具体的json字段含义可以看 http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/10/0234e39a2025342c17a7d23595c6b40a.html

然后josn数据post到微信服务器

复制代码

/// <summary>
/// 创建自定义菜单
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string createMenu()
{
try
{
Hashtable hash = new Hashtable();
hash.Add("access_token", access_token());
string menu = readJson(Server.MapPath("..") + "\menu.json");
string result = Util.HttpRequestPostBody("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create", hash, menu);
Hashtable hr = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Hashtable>(result);
if (hr["errcode"].ToString().ToInt32() != 0)
{
throw new Exception(hr["errmsg"].ToString());
}
return hr["errmsg"].ToString();
}
catch (Exception x)
{
return x.Message;
}
}
private string readJson(string jsonPath)
{
FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(jsonPath, FileMode.Open);
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fs1, Encoding.GetEncoding("GBK"));
string json = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
fs1.Close();
return json;
}
/// <summary>
/// 访问微信接口 包含body参数的函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">绝对url</param>
/// <param name="hash">除body以外的参数</param>
/// <param name="postData">要post的数据,body参数值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string HttpRequestPostBody(string url, Hashtable hash, string postData = "")
{
List<string> post = new List<string>();
foreach (DictionaryEntry d in hash)
{
post.Add(d.Key + "=" + d.Value);
}
url = url + "?" + string.Join("&", post);
Stream outstream = null;
Stream instream = null;
StreamReader sr = null;
HttpWebResponse response = null;
HttpWebRequest request = null;
Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(postData);
// 准备请求...
try
{
// 设置参数
request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
if (postData == "")
{
request.Method = "GET";
}
else
{
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
outstream = request.GetRequestStream();
outstream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
outstream.Close();
}
//发送请求并获取相应回应数据
response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
//直到request.GetResponse()程序才开始向目标网页发送Post请求
instream = response.GetResponseStream();
sr = new StreamReader(instream, encoding);
//返回结果网页（html）代码
string content = sr.ReadToEnd();
return content;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
string err = ex.Message;
return string.Empty;
}
}

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/// <summary>
/// 创建自定义菜单
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string createMenu()
{
try
{
Hashtable hash = new Hashtable();
hash.Add("access_token", access_token());
string menu = readJson(Server.MapPath("..") + "\menu.json");
string result = Util.HttpRequestPostBody("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create", hash, menu);
Hashtable hr = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Hashtable>(result);
if (hr["errcode"].ToString().ToInt32() != 0)
{
throw new Exception(hr["errmsg"].ToString());
}
return hr["errmsg"].ToString();
}
catch (Exception x)
{
return x.Message;
}
}
private string readJson(string jsonPath)
{
FileStream fs1 = new FileStream(jsonPath, FileMode.Open);
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fs1, Encoding.GetEncoding("GBK"));
string json = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
fs1.Close();
return json;
}
/// <summary>
/// 访问微信接口 包含body参数的函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">绝对url</param>
/// <param name="hash">除body以外的参数</param>
/// <param name="postData">要post的数据,body参数值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string HttpRequestPostBody(string url, Hashtable hash, string postData = "")
{
List<string> post = new List<string>();
foreach (DictionaryEntry d in hash)
{
post.Add(d.Key + "=" + d.Value);
}
url = url + "?" + string.Join("&", post);
Stream outstream = null;
Stream instream = null;
StreamReader sr = null;
HttpWebResponse response = null;
HttpWebRequest request = null;
Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
byte[] data = encoding.GetBytes(postData);
// 准备请求...
try
{
// 设置参数
request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
CookieContainer cookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
request.CookieContainer = cookieContainer;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
if (postData == "")
{
request.Method = "GET";
}
else
{
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.ContentLength = data.Length;
outstream = request.GetRequestStream();
outstream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
outstream.Close();
}
//发送请求并获取相应回应数据
response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
//直到request.GetResponse()程序才开始向目标网页发送Post请求
instream = response.GetResponseStream();
sr = new StreamReader(instream, encoding);
//返回结果网页（html）代码
string content = sr.ReadToEnd();
return content;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
string err = ex.Message;
return string.Empty;
}
}

access_token()函数是访问微信得到，可查看http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/14/9f9c82c1af308e3b14ba9b973f99a8ba.html

我这里JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Hashtable>(result)使用了Newtonsoft.Json的第三方dll。

至此代码完成，执行函数，成功

然后可以获取一下，或者到手机微信看一看，到微信手机看的时候要先取消关注，清空缓存，再关注就可以看到最新的了，如果还不行，多试几次。

复制代码

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 /// <summary>
/// 拉取微信自定义菜单
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string getMenu()
{
try
{
Hashtable hash = new Hashtable();
hash.Add("access_token", access_token());
string menu = Util.HttpRequestPostBody("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get", hash);
Hashtable hr = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Hashtable>(menu);
if (hr.Contains("errmsg"))
{
throw new Exception(hr["errmsg"].ToString());
}
return menu;
}
catch (Exception x)
{
throw new Exception(x.Message);
}
}