虚拟机中ubuntu17.04+python3.6+anaconda3配置caffe(CPU)

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我是靠谱客的博主着急电话，最近开发中收集的这篇文章主要介绍虚拟机中ubuntu17.04+python3.6+anaconda3配置caffe(CPU)，觉得挺不错的，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

概述

新手第一次配置caffe，加上课业繁重每天几乎只有中午饭后睡前和晚上下课以后有时间搞一点点，最后找了个周六自己花了一天时间安好，希望能记录下来。

首先是安装ubuntu17.04虚拟机，这个不必多说。官网上我看到了caffe对ubuntu17.04的安装教程，可能是因为我还没参透吧，毕竟ubuntu接触了时间不长，最后还是找了16.04和14.04的教程最终安装完成。

下面开始caffe安装啦。

1.安装python3.6

从官网上下载，我的是3.6.3。附官网链接点击打开链接下载文件Python3.6.3.tar.xz


tar xJf Python-3.6.1.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.1
./configure
make
/*这步如果需要sudo，请使用sudo -H命令，即sudo -H make install，避免pip等模块安装失败。
错误示例(pip安装失败)：The directory '/home/ls/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
*/
make install

作者：Shawpo
链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/2fd6383ec010
來源：简书
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。


tar xJf Python-3.6.1.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.1
./configure
make
/*这步如果需要sudo，请使用sudo -H命令，即sudo -H make install，避免pip等模块安装失败。
错误示例(pip安装失败)：The directory '/home/ls/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
*/
make install

作者：Shawpo
链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/2fd6383ec010
來源：简书
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

tar xJf Python-3.6.1.tar.xz
cd Python-3.6.1
./configure --enable-shared
//解决共享库libpython3.6m.so.1.0问题，后期遇到重新编译会很麻烦
make
make install
cp libpython3.6m.so.1.0 /usr/lib

*****************************************************************************************

若遇到错误提示发现使用zlib库出错

sudo apt-get install libbz2-dev libgdbm-dev liblzma-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev tcl-dev tk-dev dpkg-dev

*****************************************************************************************

2.配置anaconda3

官网下载点击打开链接

下载完之后是后缀.sh的文件，终端输入

bash Anaconda3-5.0.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh

3.切换默认python版本

终端键入python查看版本，如果默认不是python3

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 100
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 150

如果要切换到Python2，执行：

sudo update-alternatives --config python

正式开始安装caffe：

4.安装依赖库

sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev
sudo apt-get install libleveldb-dev
sudo apt-get install libsnappy-dev
sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev
sudo apt-get install libhdf5-serial-dev
sudo apt-get install protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev

接下来是BLAS：

sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev

建立pycaffe接口：

sudo apt-get install python-dev

以及一些依赖库：

sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev
sudo apt-get install libgoogle-glog-dev
sudo apt-get install liblmdb-dev

5.下载caffe源码：

首先安装git

sudo apt-get install git

然后下载caffe源码：

git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git

之后：

cd caffe/python
sudo apt-get install python-pip 
for req in $(cat requirements.txt); do pip install $req; done

6.编译caffe源码：

cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config

文本编辑器打开Makefile.config对文件做相应的修改：共四处

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
CPU_ONLY := 1

这里取消注释

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

这里取消注释

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

这里修改为如图

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 
#
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda3
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include 
# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 
# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include
# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.6m
PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.6m 
/usr/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

默认为python2的路径，把python2的路径注释掉，把python3的路径取消注释，注意anaconda的路径需要修改。

7.开始编译：

make pycaffe
make all
make test
make runtest

如果有错误，先make clean再重新编译。

*****************************************************************************************

错误信息没有pyconfig.h文件

export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/python2.7

注意每次clean之后都要重来一次

错误信息fatal error: numpy/arrayobject.h没有那个文件或目录：

sudo apt-get install python-numpy

错误信息/usr/bin/ld:cannot find -lboost_python3

cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
sudo ln -s libboost_python-py35.so libboost_python3.so

错误信息dpkg:处理软件包xxx（--config）时出错：

sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info /var/lib/dpkg/info_old
sudo mkdir /var/lib/dpkg/info
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info/* /var/lib/dpkg/info_old
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/info
sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/info_old /var/lib/dpkg/info

*****************************************************************************************

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