前言

        本文使用Python爬取豆瓣电影Top250，含完整源代码，并实现两种方式保存数据（excel和数据库。

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #页面解析,获取数据
import re #正则表达式
import urllib.request,urllib.error #指定URL,获取页面数据
import xlwt #进行excel操作
import sqlite3 #进行sql操作
def main():
baseUrl = "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start="
#1.爬取网页,并解析数据
dataList = getData(baseUrl)
savePath=".\豆瓣电影Top250.xls"
#savePath = "movies.db"
#2.保存数据
saveData(dataList,savePath)
#savedb(dataList,savePath)
#---正则表达式---
#链接
findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">',re.S)
#电影名字
findName = re.compile(r'<span class="title">(.*?)</span>',re.S)
#评分
findRating = re.compile(r'<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*?)</span>')
#标题
findInq = re.compile(r'<span class="inq">(.*?)</span>',re.S)
#评分人数
findCount = re.compile(r'<span>(.*?)人评价</span>')
#电影信息
findInf = re.compile(r'<p class="">(.*?)</p>',re.S)
#1.爬取网页
def getData(baseUrl):
dataList = []
for i in range(10):
html = askUrl(baseUrl + str(i * 25))
# 2.逐一解析数据
bs = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
for item in bs.find_all('div',class_="item"):
data = []
item = str(item)
#链接
link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0]
#名字
name = re.findall(findName,item)
if len(name) == 1:
cName = name[0]
fName = " "
else:
name[1] = name[1].replace(" / ","")
cName = name[0]
fName = name[1]
#评分
rating = re.findall(findRating,item)[0]
#标题
inq = re.findall(findInq,item)
if len(inq) < 1:
inq = " "
else:
inq= inq[0]
#评分人数
racount = re.findall(findCount,item)[0]
#电影信息
inf = re.findall(findInf,item)[0]
inf = re.sub("...<br(s+)?/>(s?)"," ",inf)
inf = re.sub("/"," ",inf)
inf
= inf.strip()
#添加一部电影的信息进data
data.append(link)
data.append(cName)
data.append(fName)
data.append(rating)
data.append(inq)
data.append(racount)
data.append(inf)
dataList.append(data)
return dataList
#爬取指定url
def askUrl(url):
head = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.25 Safari/537.36 Core/1.70.3776.400 QQBrowser/10.6.4212.400"}
request = urllib.request.Request(url = url,headers=head)
http = ""
try:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
http = response.read().decode("utf-8")
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e,"reson"):
print(e.reson)
return http
# 3.保存数据
def saveData(dataList,savePath):
woke = xlwt.Workbook("utf-8",style_compression=0)#样式的压缩效果
sheet = woke.add_sheet("豆瓣电影Top250",cell_overwrite_ok=True)#覆盖原单元格信息
col = ("链接","中文名字","英文名字","评分","标题","评分人数","概况")
for i in range (7):
sheet.write(0,i,col[i])
for i in range (0,250):
for j in range (7):
sheet.write(i+1,j,dataList[i][j])
print("第%d条数据"%(i+1))
woke.save(savePath)
print("保存完毕")
#3.保存到数据库
def savedb(dataList,dataPath):
initdb(dataPath)
conn = sqlite3.connect(dataPath)
cur = conn.cursor()
#开始保存数据
for data in dataList:
for index in range(len(data)):
data[index] = str('"'+data[index]+'"')
newstr = ",".join(data)
sql ="insert into movie(info_link,cname,fname,rating,inq,racount,inf)values(%s)"%(newstr)
print(sql)
cur.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
print("保存完毕")
#3-1新建表
def initdb(dataPath):
conn = sqlite3.connect(dataPath)
cur = conn.cursor()
sql = '''
create table movie(
id Integer primary key autoincrement,
info_link text,
cname varchar ,
fname varchar ,
rating varchar ,
inq text,
racount varchar ,
inf text
)
'''
cur.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
#调用函数
main()
一、获取页面源代码
伪装成浏览器；2.进一步包装请求；3.网页请求获取数据；4.解析并保存；5.返回数据。
import urllib.request,urllib.error #指定URL,获取页面数据
#爬取指定url
def askUrl(url):
#请求头伪装成浏览器(字典)
head = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.25 Safari/537.36 Core/1.70.3776.400 QQBrowser/10.6.4212.400"}
#进一步包装请求
request = urllib.request.Request(url = url,headers=head)
#存储页面源代码
html = ""
try:
#页面请求,获取内容
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
#读取返回的内容,用"utf-8"编码解析
html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e,"reson"):
print(e.reson)
#返回页面源代码
return html

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