一、实验目的
1. 掌握窗口控件的使用方法；
2. 掌握 Windows 的编程基础。
二、实验要求
根据要求，编写 C#程序，并将程序代码和运行结果写入实验报告。
三、实验内容
1．编写一个计算器，练习在窗体上添加控件、调整控件的布局，设置或修改控件属性， 编写事件处理程序的方法。
(1)新建 windows 应用程序。在窗体 Form 上拖放一个 TextBox 控件、十六个 Button 控
件，整个窗体布局如下图所示。
(2)打开代码窗口，添加如下全局变量：
double a = 0;
double b = 0;
bool c = false;
string d;
- 双击”1”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "1";
}
(4)双击”2”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox2.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "2";
}
(5)双击”3”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox3.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "3";
}
(6)双击”4”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "4";
}
(7)双击”5”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "5";
}
(8)双击”6”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "6";
}
(8)双击”7”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "7";
}
(10)双击”8”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "8";
}
(11)双击”9”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "9";
}
(12)双击”0”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button12_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == true)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
c = false;
}
textBox1.Text += "0";
if (d == "/")
{
textBox1.Clear();
MessageBox.Show("除数不能为零", "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK,
MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
}
}
(13)双击”+”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "+";
}
(14)双击”-”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button16_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "-";
}
(15)双击”*”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "*";
}
(16)双击”/”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = true;
b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text);
d = "/";
}
(17)双击”=”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button17_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
switch (d)
{
case "+": a = b + double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
case "-": a = b - double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
case "*": a = b * double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
case "/": a = b / double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break;
}
textBox1.Text = a + "";
c = true;
}
(18)双击”c”按钮，添加如下事件处理程序：
private void button18_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = "";
}
(19)单击启动调试工具，运行计算器。
(20)在计算器中，增加四个功能键：x2，sqrt，log, ln 四个键，分别计算求平方，开方，
log，ln 值，将增加的代码写入实验报告。
2．自己设计并编写一个 Windows 应用程序，要求用到 TextBox、GroupBox、 RadioButton、CheckBox、ComboBox、ListBox 控件、Timer 控件。将程序功能、界面布 局和运行结果的截图与事件代码写在实验报告中。
Form1.cs代码：
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226using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace 崔金泽_20192163 { public partial class 计算器 : Form { double a = 0; double b = 0; bool c = false; string d; public 计算器() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void button11_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "0"; if (d == "/") { textBox1.Clear(); MessageBox.Show("除数不能为零", "错误提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning); } } private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "1"; } private void button13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "/"; } private void button7_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "7"; } private void button9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "2"; } private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "3"; } private void button12_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "4"; } private void button10_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "5"; } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "6"; } private void button6_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "8"; } private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (c == true) { textBox1.Text = ""; c = false; } textBox1.Text += "9"; } private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "+"; } private void button15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "-"; } private void button16_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "*"; } private void button14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { switch (d) { case "+": a = b + double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break; case "-": a = b - double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break; case "*": a = b * double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break; case "/": a = b / double.Parse(textBox1.Text); break; case "X": a = b * b; break; case "sqrt": a = Math.Sqrt(b); break; case "log": a = Math.Log(b, double.Parse(textBox1.Text)); break;//第二个参数是底 case "ln": a = Math.Log(b); break;//只一个参数默认以自然对数为底 } textBox1.Text = a + ""; c = true; } private void button8_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { textBox1.Text = ""; } private void button18_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "X"; } private void button20_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "log"; } private void button19_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "sqrt"; } private void button17_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { c = true; b = double.Parse(textBox1.Text); d = "ln"; } } }
Program.cs的代码：
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25using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace 崔金泽_20192163 { static class Program { /// <summary> /// The main entry point for the application. /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.SetHighDpiMode(HighDpiMode.SystemAware); Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Application.Run(new 计算器()); } } }
Form1.Designers.cs
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321namespace 20192163 { partial class 计算器 { /// <summary> /// Required designer variable. /// </summary> private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; /// <summary> /// Clean up any resources being used. /// </summary> /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param> protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } #region Windows Form Designer generated code /// <summary> /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify /// the contents of this method with the code editor. /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button5 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button6 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button7 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button8 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button9 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button10 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button11 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button12 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button13 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button14 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button15 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button16 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button17 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button18 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button19 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.button20 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // textBox1 // this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(110, 21); this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1"; this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(209, 27); this.textBox1.TabIndex = 0; this.textBox1.TextChanged += new System.EventHandler(this.textBox1_TextChanged); // // button2 // this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(78, 180); this.button2.Name = "button2"; this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button2.TabIndex = 2; this.button2.Text = "1"; this.button2.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click); // // button1 // this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 124); this.button1.Name = "button1"; this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button1.TabIndex = 3; this.button1.Text = "6"; this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click); // // button3 // this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 180); this.button3.Name = "button3"; this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button3.TabIndex = 4; this.button3.Text = "3"; this.button3.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click); // // button4 // this.button4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 234); this.button4.Name = "button4"; this.button4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button4.TabIndex = 5; this.button4.Text = "+"; this.button4.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button4.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button4_Click); // // button5 // this.button5.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 74); this.button5.Name = "button5"; this.button5.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button5.TabIndex = 6; this.button5.Text = "9"; this.button5.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button5.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button5_Click); // // button6 // this.button6.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 74); this.button6.Name = "button6"; this.button6.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button6.TabIndex = 7; this.button6.Text = "8"; this.button6.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button6.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button6_Click); // // button7 // this.button7.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(78, 74); this.button7.Name = "button7"; this.button7.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button7.TabIndex = 8; this.button7.Text = "7"; this.button7.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button7.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button7_Click); // // button8 // this.button8.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 234); this.button8.Name = "button8"; this.button8.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button8.TabIndex = 9; this.button8.Text = "C"; this.button8.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button8.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button8_Click); // // button9 // this.button9.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 180); this.button9.Name = "button9"; this.button9.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button9.TabIndex = 10; this.button9.Text = "2"; this.button9.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button9.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button9_Click); // // button10 // this.button10.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 124); this.button10.Name = "button10"; this.button10.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button10.TabIndex = 11; this.button10.Text = "5"; this.button10.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button10.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button10_Click); // // button11 // this.button11.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(78, 234); this.button11.Name = "button11"; this.button11.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button11.TabIndex = 12; this.button11.Text = "0"; this.button11.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button11.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button11_Click); // // button12 // this.button12.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(78, 124); this.button12.Name = "button12"; this.button12.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button12.TabIndex = 13; this.button12.Text = "4"; this.button12.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button12.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button12_Click); // // button13 // this.button13.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(328, 74); this.button13.Name = "button13"; this.button13.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button13.TabIndex = 17; this.button13.Text = "÷"; this.button13.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button13.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button13_Click); // // button14 // this.button14.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(328, 234); this.button14.Name = "button14"; this.button14.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button14.TabIndex = 16; this.button14.Text = "="; this.button14.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button14.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button14_Click); // // button15 // this.button15.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(328, 180); this.button15.Name = "button15"; this.button15.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button15.TabIndex = 15; this.button15.Text = "-"; this.button15.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button15.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button15_Click); // // button16 // this.button16.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(328, 124); this.button16.Name = "button16"; this.button16.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button16.TabIndex = 14; this.button16.Text = "X"; this.button16.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button16.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button16_Click); // // button17 // this.button17.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(328, 294); this.button17.Name = "button17"; this.button17.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button17.TabIndex = 21; this.button17.Text = "ln"; this.button17.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button17.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button17_Click); // // button18 // this.button18.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(78, 295); this.button18.Name = "button18"; this.button18.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(52, 34); this.button18.TabIndex = 20; this.button18.Text = "x^2"; this.button18.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button18.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button18_Click); // // button19 // this.button19.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 295); this.button19.Name = "button19"; this.button19.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(51, 34); this.button19.TabIndex = 19; this.button19.Text = "sqrt"; this.button19.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button19.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button19_Click); // // button20 // this.button20.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(240, 295); this.button20.Name = "button20"; this.button20.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 34); this.button20.TabIndex = 18; this.button20.Text = "log"; this.button20.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button20.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button20_Click); // // 计算器 // this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(9F, 20F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font; this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(461, 359); this.Controls.Add(this.button17); this.Controls.Add(this.button18); this.Controls.Add(this.button19); this.Controls.Add(this.button20); this.Controls.Add(this.button13); this.Controls.Add(this.button14); this.Controls.Add(this.button15); this.Controls.Add(this.button16); this.Controls.Add(this.button12); this.Controls.Add(this.button11); this.Controls.Add(this.button10); this.Controls.Add(this.button9); this.Controls.Add(this.button8); this.Controls.Add(this.button7); this.Controls.Add(this.button6); this.Controls.Add(this.button5); this.Controls.Add(this.button4); this.Controls.Add(this.button3); this.Controls.Add(this.button1); this.Controls.Add(this.button2); this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1); this.Name = "计算器"; this.Text = "Form1"; this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load); this.ResumeLayout(false); this.PerformLayout(); } #endregion private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button4; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button5; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button6; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button7; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button8; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button9; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button10; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button11; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button12; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button13; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button14; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button15; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button16; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button17; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button18; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button19; private System.Windows.Forms.Button button20; } }
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