本篇博文有着详细的步骤，可以帮助你快速搭建起来一个kubernetes集群。

硬件

环境准备

• 在所有机器上关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

• 在所有机器上关闭selinux

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

• 在所有机器上关闭swap

swapoff -a # 临时关闭
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
#永久关闭

• 修改主机名

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# hostname
k8s-master1
--------------------------------
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# hostname
k8s-node1
--------------------------------
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# hostname
k8s-node2

• 在所有机器上添加主机名于ip对应关系

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1
localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1
localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.80.100 k8s-master1
192.168.80.101 k8s-node1
192.168.80.102 k8s-node2

• 在所有机器上将桥接的ipv4流量传递到iptables的链

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF

为所有节点安装docker

yum install wget.x86_64 -y
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/centos7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install docker-ce -y

集群部署

配置镜像仓库，https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/kubernetes?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11tmy01T

• 为所有节点修改仓库，安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet

• 修改docker配置

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl restart docker.service 
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet.service 

• 部署master

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubeadm init 
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.80.100 
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers 
--kubernetes-version v1.22.2 
--control-plane-endpoint k8s-master1 
--service-cidr=172.16.0.0/16 
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
.......
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:
kubeadm join k8s-master1:6443 --token 0re1oq.he6o0ab4mqtjtg83 
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:460d740c21fa040f7f12e22cdd018aec8c903d4880f42b0f7edeb78a80241b56 
--control-plane
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join k8s-master1:6443 --token 0re1oq.he6o0ab4mqtjtg83 
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:460d740c21fa040f7f12e22cdd018aec8c903d4880f42b0f7edeb78a80241b56
......
# 遇到镜像下载问题可以单独下载，比如，
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.8.4
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.8.4 registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.4

• 按照指示执行

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

• 查看节点状态为notready

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME
STATUS
ROLES
AGE
VERSION
k8s-master1
NotReady
control-plane,master
3m10s
v1.22.0

• 安装网络插件，官方文档：https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 
# 最好手动提前拉取所需镜像
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0

• 添加node节点

# 为node拉去网络插件镜像
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.14.0
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# kubeadm join k8s-master1:6443 --token 0re1oq.he6o0ab4mqtjtg83 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:460d740c21fa040f7f12e22cdd018aec8c903d4880f42b0f7edeb78a80241b56 
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# kubeadm join k8s-master1:6443 --token 0re1oq.he6o0ab4mqtjtg83 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:460d740c21fa040f7f12e22cdd018aec8c903d4880f42b0f7edeb78a80241b56 
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME
STATUS
ROLES
AGE
VERSION
k8s-master1
Ready
control-plane,master
32m
v1.22.0
k8s-node1
Ready
<none>
4m34s
v1.22.0
k8s-node2
Ready
<none>
62s
v1.22.0

快速体验

• 创建nginx容器

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
deployment.apps/nginx created

• 暴露对外端口

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
service/nginx exposed

• 查看nginx是否运行成功

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
kubectl get pod,svc
NAME
READY
STATUS
RESTARTS
AGE
pod/nginx-6799fc88d8-qthk8
1/1
Running
0
71s
NAME
TYPE
CLUSTER-IP
EXTERNAL-IP
PORT(S)
AGE
service/kubernetes
ClusterIP
172.16.0.1
<none>
443/TCP
34m
service/nginx
NodePort
172.16.170.23
<none>
80:31027/TCP
30s

• 扩容

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME
READY
STATUS
RESTARTS
AGE
nginx-6799fc88d8-qthk8
1/1
Running
0
8m5s
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl scale deployment nginx --replicas=3
deployment.apps/nginx scaled
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME
READY
STATUS
RESTARTS
AGE
nginx-6799fc88d8-46gmb
1/1
Running
0
64s
nginx-6799fc88d8-kn2dq
1/1
Running
0
64s
nginx-6799fc88d8-qthk8
1/1
Running
0
9m11s

最后

以上就是大胆钢笔为你收集整理的【2】Kubernetes集群安装硬件环境准备为所有节点安装docker集群部署快速体验的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决【2】Kubernetes集群安装硬件环境准备为所有节点安装docker集群部署快速体验所遇到的程序开发问题。

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