python输出文本框_python – 使用tkinter在GUI上显示程序的输出...

我花了很多时间在我对another question的回答中调试和修改errorwindow.py模块,因此它可以在Python 2和3中工作 – 链接答案中的代码是为Python 2.x编写的.注意我只做了使它在两个版本下运行所需的最低要求.该脚本的修改版本已命名为errorwindow3k.py(尽管它也适用于Python 2).

大多数问题仅仅是由于模块重命名,但是有一个更难以理解,结果是由于切换到Unicode字符串是版本3中的默认字符串类型 – 显然(在Windows上无论如何) ,进程之间的管道是字节流,而不是Unicode字符.幸运的是,解码然后在另一端编码数据的“修复”在Python 2中也没有受到影响,这使得纠正问题变得相当容易.

这个好处是使用它非常容易.只需导入它,并从发送到sys.stderr或sys.stdout的任何输出上的那一点将导致基于tkinter的输出窗口显示为显示信息所需.在您的示例代码中,只需在print之前的某处插入importwindwindow3k(“Hello world”).

文件errorwindow3k.py：

# Code derived from Bryan Olson's source posted in this related Usenet discussion:

# https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.lang.python/HWPhLhXKUos/TpFeWxEE9nsJ

# https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.lang.python/HWPhLhXKUos/eEHYAl4dH9YJ

#

# See the comments and doc string below.

#

# Here's a module to show stderr output from console-less Python

# apps, and stay out of the way otherwise. I plan to make a ASPN

# recipe of it, but I thought I'd run it by this group first.

#

# To use it, import the module. That's it. Upon import it will

# assign sys.stderr.

#

# In the normal case, your code is perfect so nothing ever gets

# written to stderr, and the module won't do much of anything.

# Upon the first write to stderr, if any, the module will launch a

# new process, and that process will show the stderr output in a

# window. The window will live until dismissed; I hate, hate, hate

# those vanishing-consoles-with-critical-information.

#

# The code shows some arguably-cool tricks. To fit everthing in

# one file, the module runs the Python interpreter on itself; it

# uses the "if __name__ == '__main__'" idiom to behave radically

# differently upon import versus direct execution. It uses TkInter

# for the window, but that's in a new process; it does not import

# TkInter into your application.

#

# To try it out, save it to a file -- I call it "errorwindow.py" -

# - and import it into some subsequently-incorrect code. For

# example:

#

# import errorwindow

#

# a = 3 + 1 + nonesuchdefined

#

# should cause a window to appear, showing the traceback of a

# Python NameError.

#

# --

# --Bryan

# ----------------------------------------------------------------

#

# martineau - Modified to use subprocess.Popen instead of the os.popen

# which has been deprecated since Py 2.6. Changed so it

# redirects both stdout and stderr. Added numerous

# comments, and also inserted double quotes around paths

# in case they have embedded space characters in them, as

# they did on my Windows system.

#

# Recently updated it to work in both Python 2 and Python 3.

"""

Import this module into graphical Python apps to provide a

sys.stderr. No functions to call, just import it. It uses

only facilities in the Python standard distribution.

If nothing is ever written to stderr, then the module just

sits there and stays out of your face. Upon write to stderr,

it launches a new process, piping it error stream. The new

process throws up a window showing the error messages.

"""

import subprocess

import sys

try:

import thread

except ModuleNotFoundError: # Python 3

import _thread as thread

import os

EXC_INFO_FILENAME = 'exc_info.txt'

if __name__ == '__main__': # When spawned as separate process.

# create window in which to display output

# then copy stdin to the window until EOF

# will happen when output is sent to each OutputPipe created

try:

from Tkinter import BOTH, END, Frame, Text, TOP, YES

import tkFont

import Queue

except ModuleNotFoundError: # Python 3

from tkinter import BOTH, END, Frame, Text, TOP, YES

import tkinter.font as tkFont

import queue as Queue

Q_EMPTY = Queue.Empty # An exception class.

queue = Queue.Queue(1000) # FIFO

def read_stdin(app, bufsize=4096):

fd = sys.stdin.fileno() # File descriptor for os.read() calls.

read = os.read

put = queue.put

while True:

put(read(fd, bufsize))

class Application(Frame):

def __init__(self, master=None, font_size=8, text_color='#0000AA', rows=25, cols=100):

Frame.__init__(self, master)

# Create title based on the arguments passed to the spawned script:

# argv[0]: name of this script (ignored)

# argv[1]: name of script that imported this module

# argv[2]: name of redirected stream (optional)

if len(sys.argv) < 2:

title = "Output stream from unknown source"

elif len(sys.argv) < 3:

title = "Output stream from %s" % (sys.argv[1],)

else: # Assume it's a least 3.

title = "Output stream '%s' from %s" % (sys.argv[2], sys.argv[1])

self.master.title(title)

self.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=YES)

font = tkFont.Font(family='Courier', size=font_size)

width = font.measure(' ' * (cols+1))

height = font.metrics('linespace') * (rows+1)

self.configure(width=width, height=height)

self.pack_propagate(0) # Force frame to be configured size.

self.logwidget = Text(self, font=font)

self.logwidget.pack(side=TOP, fill=BOTH, expand=YES)

# Disallow key entry, but allow text copying with

self.logwidget.bind('', lambda x: 'break')

self.logwidget.bind('', lambda x: None)

self.logwidget.configure(foreground=text_color)

self.logwidget.insert(END, '==== Start of Output Stream ====nn')

self.logwidget.see(END)

self.after(200, self.start_thread, ()) # Start polling thread.

def start_thread(self, _):

thread.start_new_thread(read_stdin, (self,))

self.after(200, self.check_q, ())

def check_q(self, _):

log = self.logwidget

log_insert = log.insert

log_see = log.see

queue_get_nowait = queue.get_nowait

go = True

while go:

try:

data = queue_get_nowait().decode() # Must decode for Python 3.

if not data:

data = '[EOF]'

go = False

log_insert(END, data)

log_see(END)

except Q_EMPTY:

self.after(200, self.check_q, ())

go = False

app = Application()

app.mainloop()

else: # when module is first imported

import traceback

class OutputPipe(object):

def __init__(self, name=''):

self.lock = thread.allocate_lock()

self.name = name

def flush(self): # NO-OP.

pass

def __getattr__(self, attr):

if attr == 'pipe': # Attribute doesn't exist, so create it.

# Launch this module as a separate process to display any output

# it receives.

# Note: It's important to put double quotes around everything just in

# case any have embedded space characters.

command = '"%s" "%s" "%s" "%s"' % (sys.executable, # executable

__file__, # argv[0]

os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]), # argv[1]

self.name) # argv[2]

#

# Typical command and arg values on receiving end:

# C:Python3python[w].exe # executable

# C:volsFilesPythonLibStack Overflowerrorwindow3k.py # argv[0]

# errorwindow3k_test.py # argv[1]

# stderr # argv[2]

# Execute this script directly as __main__ with a stdin PIPE for sending

# output to it.

try:

# Had to also make stdout and stderr PIPEs too, to work with pythonw.exe

self.pipe = subprocess.Popen(command, bufsize=0,

stdin=subprocess.PIPE,

stdout=subprocess.PIPE,

stderr=subprocess.PIPE).stdin

except Exception:

# Output exception info to a file since this module isn't working.

exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = sys.exc_info()

msg = ('%r exception in %sn' %

(exc_type.__name__, os.path.basename(__file__)))

with open(EXC_INFO_FILENAME, 'wt') as info:

info.write('fatal error occurred spawning output process')

info.write('exeception info:' + msg)

traceback.print_exc(file=info)

sys.exit('fatal error occurred')

return super(OutputPipe, self).__getattribute__(attr)

def write(self, data):

with self.lock:

data = data.encode() # Must encode for Python 3.

self.pipe.write(data) # First reference to pipe attr will cause an

# OutputPipe process for the stream to be created.

# Clean-up any left-over debugging files.

try:

os.remove(DEBUG_FILENAME) # Delete previous file, if any.

except Exception:

pass

try:

os.remove(EXC_INFO_FILENAME) # Delete previous file, if any.

except Exception:

pass

# Redirect standard output streams in the process that imported this module.

sys.stderr = OutputPipe('stderr')

sys.stdout = OutputPipe('stdout')

如果您对其工作方式有任何疑问,请随时在评论中提问.

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